Tae Hwa Kim

Vaccination ideally protects susceptible populations at high risk for complications of the infection. However, vaccines for these subgroups do not always provide sufficient effectiveness. The herd effect or herd immunity is an attractive way to extend vaccine benefits beyond the directly targeted population. It refers to the indirect protection of unvaccinated persons, whereby an increase in the prevalence of immunity by the vaccine prevents circulation of infectious agents in susceptible popula

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the most common and aggressive primary brain malignancy, is incurable despite the best combination of current cancer therapies. For the development of more effective therapies, discovery of novel candidate tumor drivers is urgently needed. Here, we report that peroxiredoxin 4 (PRDX4) is a putative tumor driver. PRDX4 levels were highly increased in a majority of human GBMs as well as in a mouse model of GBM. Reducing PRDX4 expression significantly decreased GBM cel

Integrin alpha6beta4 is linked to cancer cell motility and invasion in aggressive and metastatic cancer cells. In this study, we showed that expression of the beta4 integrin in MDA-MB-435 cancer cells (MDA-MB-435/beta4) leads to a dramatic increase in expression of a metastasis-promoting factor, S100A4, as determined by affymetrix gene chip microarray, quantitative real-time PCR, and Western blot analysis. Alternatively, knocking down beta4 integrin expression in MDA-MB-231 breast carcinoma cell

Seven children with advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma younger than 20 years of age diagnosed between 1975 and 1986 (inclusive) were treated with a uniform adjuvant chemotherapy regimen, which consisted of vincristine (1.5 mg/m2; day 1), doxorubicin (45 mg/m2; day 1), 5-fluorouracil (8 mg/kg; days 1 through 5), and cyclophosphamide (7 mg/kg; days 1 through 5). This combination chemotherapy was given for 12 to 24 months after completion of radiation therapy. The radiation doses to the primary site

Between August 1978 and November 1981, 33 boys with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) (26 non-T, 7 T-cell) younger than 16 years underwent bilateral wedge testicular biopsies at the time of initial diagnosis. Seven (4 non-T, 3 T-cell) demonstrated focal leukemic infiltrates. Rebiopsy after successful induction therapy without testicular irradiation showed eradication of leukemic infiltrates in five, persistent focal infiltrates in one, and a diffuse infiltrate in one. The two patients who had per

This was the first nationwide qualitative antibiotic prescription adequacy evaluation in Korea. A significant proportion of antibiotic prescriptions were inappropriate. Therefore, interventions for high-frequency infections and prescription antibiotics are needed.

Metabolomics enables quantitative evaluation of metabolic changes caused by genetic or environmental perturbations. However, little is known about how perturbing a single gene changes the metabolic system as a whole and which network and functional properties are involved in this response. To answer this question, we investigated the metabolite profiles from 136 mutants with single gene perturbations of functionally diverse Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) genes. Fewer than 10 metabolites were

PURPOSE: Clinical patterns in pediatric patients with dry eye syndrome and allergic conjunctivitis were investigated. METHODS: Children aged 6 to 15 years with dry eye symptoms were included. Slit-lamp examinations including tear film break-up time, Schirmer's test, and fluorescent staining were performed, and subjective symptoms were investigated. Patients with allergic conjunctivitis were subjected to skin prick tests. RESULTS: Tear film break-up time was shorter and the number of symptoms rel

The seasonal influenza vaccine programs in many regions aimed to protect most vulnerable population, but current trivalent influenza vaccine does not provide sufficient effectiveness among people under high risk for severe outcome of the influenza. The vaccine herd effect (VHE) is the extra protection of non-immune high risk persons, with increase of immunity among vaccinated healthier persons which prevents circulation of influenza in the community. Accumulating evidences are supporting the imm

This paper examines the timing of protective action recommendations in relationship to the distance of wildfire to a threatened community using exploratory map animation. The 2003 Southern California Wildfires were animated to assist in understanding the complex interaction between fire progression and warnings to threatened communities. Exploratory map animation provides a useful post-event analysis platform for hypothesis generation. A new method is introduced for interpolating the distance fr

Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) infection is a major issues in current era. The aim of study was to investigate the natural prognosis and prognostic factors associated with 28-day mortality in patients with CRAB bacteremia who were not receiving appropriate antibiotic treatment.Adult patients with CRAB bacteremia were retrospectively identified between April 2012 and March 2015 at 5 tertiary hospitals in Republic of Korea. Patients who were transferred to another hospital wit