[论文解读] A unification scheme for classical and quantum mechanics at all velocities
本文提出一个统一框架,通过将粒子建模为在有序真空中稳定的电磁波配置,从经典牛顿力学和麦克斯韦电磁学推导出量子力学。该框架表明,德布罗意波、薛定谔方程和波粒二象性自然地源自一种裸电荷在狄拉克型真空介质中引起的机械波扰动,实现了在所有速度下经典力学与量子力学的统一。
From a Newtonian-Maxwellian solution for a perturbed vacuum with a physical structure constructed based on pivotal experimental observations, we have achieved a general scheme for the formation of basic material particles. A basic particle, which may be e.g. an electron, is composed of a tiny free aether-pole (a bare charge) and the mechanical wave disturbances -- identifying with electromagnetic waves -- generated by it in the medium. When in motion, as a result of a first kind source effect, this particle wave exhibits all of wave and dynamic properties known for a de Broglie wave, and is here called a Newton- de Broglie (NdB) particle wave. In a confined space, the Newtonian solution for the NdB particle wave is equivalent to that given by Schrodinger's quantum mechanics. Through this general scheme we have accomplished a basic task of the unification of the classical- and the quantum- mechanics, both in terms of the deduction of the latter from the former, and the convergence of the latter into the former at high velocities. Through completing the task, we unfold the origins of a series of phenomena including the electromagnetic waves, the electromagnetic radiation and absorption, atomic and thermal excitations, the inertial mass, the Schrodinger's wavefunction and de Broglie wave, the Heisenberg's uncertainty relation, the de Broglie relations, the simultaneous existence of electron and positron or generally of particles and their anti-particles, the (rest) mass-energy equivalence relation, etc. The general scheme facilitates also a Theory of Relative Motion which we present in a separate paper, II; a series of followed studies are planned. (An original report of the scheme with a Preface remarking on the changes in later publications.)
研究动机与目标
- 通过从经典波力学和真空结构推导出量子现象,弥合经典力学与量子力学之间的基础性鸿沟。
- 通过电磁波扰动的机械模型,解释粒子质量、波粒二象性以及德布罗意关系的起源。
- 统一所有速度下的粒子行为,表明量子力学是有序真空中经典波动力学的极限情况。
- 基于真空介质中的波模相互作用,为电磁辐射、吸收和热激发提供物理解释。
- 从波干涉和真空动力学出发,建立惯性质量、不确定性原理以及粒子-反粒子对称性的统一基础。
提出的方法
- 将物质粒子建模为裸电荷及其在狄拉克型真空介质中自生成的电磁波扰动的稳定配置。
- 应用牛顿力学求解在有序真空中的波传播,将所得波解识别为牛顿-德布罗意(NdB)波。
- 从振荡电荷与其波场形成的驻波模式的能量中推导出粒子质量。
- 表明在受限空间中NdB波解与薛定谔方程的解完全一致,从而将量子力学与经典波力学统一。
- 使用波模叠加(例如Kd)来模拟热激发与去激发,辐射与吸收过程被描述为可逆的波发射与再吸收过程。
- 引入“真空子”(vaculeons)与“真空子”(vacuuons)作为振荡电荷极子的束缚态,为粒子-反粒子对及质能等价提供物理解释。
实验结果
研究问题
- RQ1在有序真空中,量子力学现象(如波粒二象性与德布罗意关系)如何从经典波力学中自然产生?
- RQ2惯性质量与薛定谔波函数的物理起源是什么?其与电磁波干涉和真空结构的关系如何?
- RQ3电磁辐射与吸收如何从真空介质中的机械波扰动中产生?
- RQ4不确定性原理与粒子-反粒子对称性能否从波动力学与真空极化中推导而出?
- RQ5所提出的模型如何在所有速度下(包括相对论区域)实现经典力学与量子力学的统一?
主要发现
- 在真空介质中受限粒子的牛顿-德布罗意(NdB)波解与薛定谔方程的解完全一致,证明了量子力学可从经典波动力学中自然涌现。
- 粒子质量被推导为自洽电磁波场波数与振幅的函数,为质量提供了机械起源。
- 热激发与去激发被解释为向本征波场添加与释放波模扰动(Kd)的过程,辐射与吸收被描述为可逆的波发射过程。
- 该模型预测了相反符号振荡电荷的稳定束缚态(vacuuons)的存在,解释了粒子与反粒子的共存现象。
- 海森堡不确定性原理被证明自然地源于NdB波解中波包局域化与动量展宽的特性。
- 该框架为爱因斯坦质能等价提供了物理解释,即粒子的静止能量被识别为真空介质中自持波场的总能量。
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