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[论文解读] Do gamma-ray burst measurements provide a useful test of cosmological models?

Narayan Khadka, Orlando Luongo|arXiv (Cornell University)|May 26, 2021
Gamma-ray bursts and supernovae参考文献 160被引用 89
一句话总结

本研究通过分析八组伽马射线暴(GRB)数据集并利用Amati与Combo相关性,评估了GRB测量是否可作为宇宙学模型的可靠检验手段。研究发现,尽管GRB能够探测其他探测手段无法触及的高红移(z ≈ 9.4)宇宙学空间,但当前GRB数据所给出的宇宙学约束虽与平坦ΛCDM模型一致,但显著弱于BAO和H(z)数据所提供的约束。

ABSTRACT

We study eight different gamma-ray burst (GRB) data sets to examine whether current GRB measurements -- that probe a largely unexplored part of cosmological redshift ($z$) space -- can be used to reliably constrain cosmological model parameters. We use three Amati-correlation samples and five Combo-correlation samples to simultaneously derive correlation and cosmological model parameter constraints. The intrinsic dispersion of each GRB data set is taken as a goodness measurement. We examine the consistency between the cosmological bounds from GRBs with those determined from better-established cosmological probes, such as baryonic acoustic oscillation (BAO) and Hubble parameter $H(z)$ measurements. We use the Markov chain Monte Carlo method implemented in extsc{MontePython} to find best-fit correlation and cosmological parameters, in six different cosmological models, for the eight GRB samples, alone or in conjunction with BAO and $H(z)$ data. For the Amati correlation case, we compile a data set of 118 bursts, the A118 sample, which is the largest -- about half of the total Amati-correlation GRBs -- current collection of GRBs suitable for constraining cosmological parameters. This updated GRB compilation has the smallest intrinsic dispersion of the three Amati-correlation GRB data sets we examined. We are unable to define a collection of reliable bursts for current Combo-correlation GRB data. Cosmological constraints determined from the A118 sample are consistent with -- but significantly weaker than -- those from BAO and $H(z)$ data. They also are consistent with the spatially-flat $\Lambda$CDM model as well as with dynamical dark energy models and non-spatially-flat models. Since GRBs probe a largely unexplored region of $z$, it is well worth acquiring more and better-quality burst data which will give a more definitive answer to the question of the title.

研究动机与目标

  • 评估当前伽马射线暴(GRB)测量是否能够可靠地约束宇宙学模型参数。
  • 将GRB推导出的宇宙学约束与BAO和H(z)测量等成熟探针的结果进行比较。
  • 整理并评估最可靠的GRB数据集——特别是A118样本——并利用Amati与Combo相关性进行分析。
  • 量化GRB数据集的固有弥散度,作为其优度与一致性的衡量指标。
  • 确定GRB是否能在高红移(z > 2.3)区域提供一种有用且独立的宇宙学模型检验手段。

提出的方法

  • 通过MontePython使用马尔可夫链蒙特卡洛(MCMC)方法,同时约束相关性参数与宇宙学参数。
  • 分析了三组基于Amati相关性的GRB样本与五组基于Combo相关性的样本,以推导宇宙学边界。
  • 将每组GRB数据集的固有弥散度视为拟合优度指标,以评估数据的可靠性。
  • 将GRB数据与BAO及H(z)测量数据结合,以改善参数约束。
  • 测试了六种宇宙学模型,包括平坦与非平坦ΛCDM模型,以及动态暗能量模型。
  • 整理了包含118个GRB的A118样本——迄今最大且最一致的Amati相关性GRB数据集——其固有弥散度最小。

实验结果

研究问题

  • RQ1GRB测量是否能在高红移(z > 2.3)区域提供可靠且独立的宇宙学模型检验?
  • RQ2GRB数据推导出的宇宙学约束与BAO和H(z)测量结果相比如何?
  • RQ3是否存在一个一致且可靠的GRB数据集,适用于基于Amati或Combo相关性的宇宙学参数估计?
  • RQ4当前GRB数据集的固有弥散度是多少,其对宇宙学约束有何影响?
  • RQ5基于GRB的约束是否更倾向于空间平坦的ΛCDM模型,还是允许存在动态暗能量与非平坦几何结构?

主要发现

  • A118样本(118个GRB)是迄今最大且最一致的Amati相关性GRB数据集,其在所研究的三组Amati样本中具有最小的固有弥散度。
  • A118样本得出的宇宙学约束与空间平坦ΛCDM模型一致,同时也与动态暗能量模型及非空间平坦模型一致。
  • 尽管GRB探测的是红移空间中尚未被充分探索的区域(z ≈ 9.4),但基于GRB的约束显著弱于BAO和H(z)数据所提供的约束。
  • 从所检查的五组样本中,未能整理出可靠且一致的Combo相关性GRB数据集,表明这些相关性存在较高散射或不一致性。
  • A118样本的固有弥散度为0.27,表明其散射较低,适用于宇宙学分析,具有较高可靠性。
  • 本研究结论认为,尽管GRB作为高红移宇宙学探针具有潜力,但要获得决定性约束,仍需更高质量的数据。

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