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[论文解读] Domain Decomposition with local impedance conditions for the Helmholtz equation

Ivan G. Graham, Euan A. Spence|arXiv (Cornell University)|Jun 10, 2018
Advanced Numerical Methods in Computational Mathematics被引用 16
一句话总结

本文提出了一种针对Helmholtz方程的一级加法Schwarz预条件子,采用重叠子区域上的局部阻抗条件,并结合统一划分的插值算子。该方法在不断增加的波数k下实现了k-鲁棒的GMRES收敛性,其理论依据来自能量内积下预条件矩阵范数和数值域的界。

ABSTRACT

We consider one-level additive Schwarz preconditioners for the equation (with increasing wavenumber $k$), discretized using fixed-order nodal conforming finite elements on a family of simplicial fine meshes with diameter $h$, chosen to maintain accuracy as $k$ increases. The preconditioners combine independent local solves (with impedance boundary conditions) on overlapping subdomains of diameter $H$ and overlap $\delta$, and prolongation/restriction operators defined using a partition of unity, this formulation was previously proposed in [J.H. Kimn and M. Sarkis, Comp. Meth. Appl. Mech. Engrg. 196, 1507-1514, 2007]. In numerical experiments (with $\delta \sim H$) we observe robust (i.e. $k-$independent) GMRES convergence as $k$ increases, both with $H$ fixed, and with $H$ decreasing moderately as $k$ increases. This provides a highly-parallel, $k-$robust one-level domain-decomposition method. We provide supporting theory for this observation by studying the preconditioner applied to a range of absorptive problems, $k^2\mapsto k^2+ \mathrm{i} \varepsilon$, with absorption parameter $\varepsilon$, including the Helmholtz case ($\varepsilon = 0$). Working in the energy inner product, we prove a robust upper bound on the norm of the preconditioned matrix, valid for all $\varepsilon, \delta$. Under additional conditions on $\varepsilon$ and $\delta$, we also prove a strictly-positive lower bound on the distance of the field of values of the preconditioned matrix from the origin. Using these results, combined with previous results of [M.J. Gander, I.G. Graham and E.A. Spence, Numer. Math. 131(3), 567-614, 2015] we obtain theoretical support for the observed robustness of the preconditioner for the pure problem with increasing wavenumber $k$.

研究动机与目标

  • 开发一种域分解预条件子,确保在波数k增加时Helmholtz方程的收敛性保持鲁棒。
  • 利用带有复数偏移ε的吸收型公式,在高频区域分析预条件子的行为。
  • 通过预条件矩阵的界,为数值实验中观察到的k-鲁棒性提供理论依据。
  • 确立预条件矩阵保持良好条件性且其数值域与原点保持正距离的条件。

提出的方法

  • 该方法采用直径为H、重叠宽度为δ的重叠子区域,每个子区域上使用阻抗边界条件进行局部求解。
  • 通过统一划分构造插值与限制算子,以保证一致性和稳定性。
  • 在吸收型Helmholtz问题族(k² → k² + iε)的能量内积下分析预条件子。
  • 推导出预条件矩阵范数的理论界,对所有ε > 0和δ > 0均成立。
  • 引入对ε和δ的附加条件,以证明数值域到原点的距离具有严格正的下界。
  • 通过先前关于数值域与GMRES收敛性的理论工作,将结果推广至纯Helmholtz情形(ε = 0)

实验结果

研究问题

  • RQ1具有局部阻抗条件的一级加法Schwarz预条件子能否实现Helmholtz方程的k-鲁棒收敛?
  • RQ2对ε和δ的何种理论条件可确保在高频极限下预条件矩阵保持良好条件性?
  • RQ3预条件矩阵在能量范数下的界如何支持数值实验中观察到的k-鲁棒性?
  • RQ4统一划分在不同k值和网格加密下对保持鲁棒性起到何种作用?

主要发现

  • 证明了对所有ε > 0和δ > 0,预条件矩阵范数存在鲁棒的上界,且与k无关。
  • 在对ε和δ施加附加条件后,建立了数值域到原点距离的严格正下界,从而确保了良好条件性。
  • 为数值实验中观察到的k-鲁棒GMRES收敛性提供了理论支持,即使k不断增加亦成立。
  • 该方法在H固定以及H随k增加而适度减小的情况下均保持有效,展现出实际鲁棒性。

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