[论文解读] Effect of seaweed, moringa leaf extract and biofertilizer on growth, yield and fruit quality of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) under greenhouse condition
本研究评估了海藻提取物、辣木叶提取物和细菌生物肥料(Fulzym-Plus)作为温室栽培黄瓜中化学肥料的可持续替代品。三重组合(SE+MLE+FP)在促进根系生长和产量方面与推荐化学肥料(RDCF)表现相当,表明有机生物刺激剂可有效替代合成肥料,且不会影响性能。
This factorial experiment was conducted in a greenhouse during the period of May 3, 2021 to August 5, 2021 at the research farm belongs to the Horticulture Department, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani, Iraq. The experiment was designed to study the effect of some biostimulants, individually and their combinations, on cucumber plants performance under greenhouse conditions; in addition to compare the results with of chemical fertilizers application. The treatments consisted of control (without adding any kinds of biostimulants) recommended dose of 100% chemical fertilizers (RDCF), seaweed extracts (SE), moringa leaf extract (MLE), bacterial-based biostimulant of Fulzym-plus (FP), that contains Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas putida, (SE+MLE), (SE+FP), (MLE+FP), and (SE+MLE+FP). The experiment was laid out in simple RCBD with 3 replications. The results showed that the application of different biostimulants, individually and their combinations, significantly improved the root growth characteristics. However, the highest values of lateral roots number per plant, lateral root length, lateral root diameter and root system dry weight were recorded by the application of recommended dose of chemical fertilizer (RDCF). While, this treatment was not different substantially with the triple combination of the tested biostimulants (SE+FP+MLE) in all studied root characteristics. In addition, untreated plants registered the minimum value of all the mentioned characters.
研究动机与目标
- 评估海藻提取物、辣木叶提取物和细菌生物肥料在受控温室条件下对黄瓜生长和产量的影响。
- 评估单一生物刺激剂及其组合相对于传统化学施肥的性能表现。
- 确定有机生物刺激剂是否能与推荐化学肥料(RDCF)在改善根系发育和果实品质方面达到同等或更优效果。
- 为温室黄瓜生产提供合成肥料的可持续替代方案,降低环境与健康风险。
提出的方法
- 在完全随机区组设计(RCBD)中开展因子实验,设置三个重复。
- 处理组包括:对照组(无施肥)、RDCF(100%化学肥料)、海藻提取物(SE)、辣木叶提取物(MLE)、Fulzym-Plus(FP),以及各种组合:SE+MLE、SE+FP、MLE+FP 和 SE+MLE+FP。
- 测量根系生长参数:侧根数量、长度、直径及根系干重。
- 在为期94天的温室试验期间(2021年5月3日至8月5日)监测植株生长、产量及果实品质特性。
- 采用统计分析方法比较各处理对生长、产量及品质参数的影响。
- 数据采集自伊拉克苏莱曼尼大学园艺系科研农场。
实验结果
研究问题
- RQ1单一生物刺激剂(海藻提取物、辣木叶提取物和Fulzym-Plus)对温室栽培黄瓜根系发育有何影响?
- RQ2海藻提取物、辣木叶提取物和生物肥料的组合对黄瓜产量和果实品质的影响与化学肥料相比如何?
- RQ3生物刺激剂三重组合(SE+MLE+FP)在促进根系和茎叶生长方面是否与推荐剂量化学肥料(RDCF)表现相当?
- RQ4有机生物刺激剂能否在不降低产量或品质的前提下有效替代黄瓜栽培中的化学肥料?
主要发现
- 推荐化学肥料剂量(RDCF)在每株侧根数量、侧根长度、侧根直径及根系干重方面均达到最高值。
- 三重生物刺激剂组合(SE+MLE+FP)在所有测量的根系生长特性上与RDCF无显著差异。
- 未处理对照组在所有根系发育参数上均表现最低。
- 所有生物刺激剂处理(无论单独使用或组合使用)均显著优于对照组,表明其具有显著的生物刺激效应。
- SE+MLE+FP组合被证实是RDCF的可行替代方案,在根系发育指标上表现相当。
- 本研究证实,有机生物刺激剂可有效替代温室黄瓜生产中的化学肥料,且不会影响根系发育。
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