Skip to main content
QUICK REVIEW

[论文解读] Heralded three-photon entanglement from a single-photon source on a photonic chip

Si Chen, Lichao Peng|arXiv (Cornell University)|Jul 5, 2023
Neural Networks and Reservoir ComputingComputer Science被引用 3
一句话总结

该论文首次在可完全编程的光子芯片上,利用来自半导体量子点光源的六组不可区分单光子,实验生成了纯化三光子Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger(GHZ)态。通过采用确定性单光子源和具有相位可调Mach-Zehnder干涉仪的幺正光学电路,团队实现了 $0.573 \pm 0.024$ 的三光子GHZ态保真度,超过经典阈值,标志着可扩展、容错光量子计算的关键里程碑。

ABSTRACT

In the quest to build general-purpose photonic quantum computers, fusion-based quantum computation has risen to prominence as a promising strategy. This model allows a ballistic construction of large cluster states which are universal for quantum computation, in a scalable and loss-tolerant way without feed-forward, by fusing many small n-photon entangled resource states. However, a key obstacle to this architecture lies in efficiently generating the required essential resource states on photonic chips. One such critical seed state that has not yet been achieved is the heralded three-photon Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (3-GHZ) state. Here, we address this elementary resource gap, by reporting the first experimental realization of a heralded dual-rail encoded 3-GHZ state. Our implementation employs a low-loss and fully programmable photonic chip that manipulates six indistinguishable single photons of wavelengths in the telecommunication regime. Conditional on the heralding detection, we obtain the desired 3-GHZ state with a fidelity 0.573+-0.024. Our work marks an important step for the future fault-tolerant photonic quantum computing, leading to the acceleration of building a large-scale optical quantum computer.

研究动机与目标

  • 解决在生成高保真度、纯化三光子GHZ态方面存在的关键空白——这是融合型量子计算的关键资源态。
  • 展示一种基于集成光子芯片的可扩展、容错架构,用于光量子计算。
  • 通过采用确定性量子点单光子源,克服传统自发参量下转换等概率光源的局限性。
  • 通过纯化实现多光子纠缠的近确定性制备,从而支持容错量子计算。

提出的方法

  • 采用基于嵌入开放式微腔中的半导体量子点的高纯度、电信波段单光子源。
  • 利用量子频率转换器将光子移至电信通信波段,以实现低损耗传输并兼容光纤网络。
  • 实施确定性光子复用技术,从单一光源生成六组不可区分的单光子源。
  • 应用包含12个分束器(透射率分别为1/2、1/4、2/3)和两个π相移器的完全可编程光子芯片,实现幺正变换以生成三光子GHZ态。
  • 在四个输出模式(7–10)中使用纯化探测确认成功制备了态,相位可调Mach-Zehnder干涉仪实现了完整的层析表征。
  • 通过在多个基矢上的局部投影测量执行量子态层析,重建密度矩阵并计算保真度与相干性。
Figure 1: The heralded generation scheme for a 3-GHZ state. Six single photons are prepared at the input ports of a linear optical circuit, where we can describe the initial input quantum state as $\lvert{\psi_{in}}\rangle=\lvert{1011010110}\rangle$ with 0 and 1 being the number of photons in each m
Figure 1: The heralded generation scheme for a 3-GHZ state. Six single photons are prepared at the input ports of a linear optical circuit, where we can describe the initial input quantum state as $\lvert{\psi_{in}}\rangle=\lvert{1011010110}\rangle$ with 0 and 1 being the number of photons in each m

实验结果

研究问题

  • RQ1能否在光子芯片上利用确定性单光子源实验实现纯化三光子GHZ态?
  • RQ2当通过具有六组不可区分光子的可编程线性光学电路生成时,纯化三光子GHZ态的可实现保真度是多少?
  • RQ3在纯化效率和可扩展性方面,基于量子点的单光子源相较于传统光源(如自发参量下转换)表现如何?
  • RQ4在当前光子集成与光源技术条件下,纯化效率可提升至何种程度?
  • RQ5所展示的方法能否作为融合型量子计算中可扩展、容错的构建模块?

主要发现

  • 实验实现了 $0.573 \pm 0.024$ 的三光子GHZ态保真度,超过经典极限0.5超过3个标准差。
  • 三量子比特GHZ态的相干性测量为 $C = 0.389 \pm 0.040$,证实了强量子关联。
  • 计算基态 $|000\rangle_d$ 和 $|111\rangle_d$ 的占据概率测量为 $P = 0.758 \pm 0.025$,表明在纠缠组分中具有高占据概率。
  • 单光子源表现出优异的纯度,$g^{2}(0) = 0.026(6)$,证实强反聚束特性。
  • 光子间不可区分性在光子对之间测量值介于 $0.86$ 到 $0.88$ 之间,表明相干性高。
  • 经探测器效率缺陷校正后,纯化效率实验测得约为 $\sim 0.0005$,通过提升光源与电路效率,具有显著提升潜力。
Figure 2: The experimental setup. A single InAs/GaAs quantum dot, resonantly coupled to an open microcavity, is used to produce pulsed resonance fluorescence single photons. The wavelength of these single photons in near-infrared is then converted into telecom-wavelength of 1550 nm with a quantum fr
Figure 2: The experimental setup. A single InAs/GaAs quantum dot, resonantly coupled to an open microcavity, is used to produce pulsed resonance fluorescence single photons. The wavelength of these single photons in near-infrared is then converted into telecom-wavelength of 1550 nm with a quantum fr

更好的研究,从现在开始

从阅读论文到最终审阅,大幅缩短您的研究时间。

无需绑定信用卡

本解读由 AI 生成,并经人工编辑审核。