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[论文解读] Response of Different Tomato Accessions to Biotic and Abiotic Stresses

Kamaran Salh Rasul, Nawroz Abdul-razzak Tahir|arXiv (Cornell University)|Mar 24, 2024
Leaf Properties and Growth MeasurementAgricultural and Biological Sciences被引用 3
一句话总结

本研究利用表型特征和三种分子标记系统(ISSR、SCoT、CDDP)对库尔德斯坦地区64份番茄种质资源的遗传多样性和种群结构进行了评估。研究揭示了标记间高水平的多态性、显著的表型变异以及两个不同的遗传类群,为培育抗逆性强、高产且果实品质优良的番茄品种提供了宝贵的遗传资源。

ABSTRACT

Accessions are prospective sources of genetic variability, as well as valuable genetic resources to deal with present and future crop breeding difficulties. The assessment of population structure and genetic diversity of tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.) that have been distributed in Iraqi Kurdistan region critical in breeding programs for the production of high-yielding cultivars as well as widening the genetic base of tomato. Using fruit quality indices and molecular markers, a panel of 64 tomato accessions taken from six provinces of Iraqi Kurdistan Region, were analyzed for genetic diversity and population structure. In the analysis of variance, the fruit phenotypic data revealed a high level of significant variability among tomato accessions. The most important characteristics for explaining fruit morphological variability, according to principal component analysis (PCA), were fruit weight, fruit size, fruit diameter, total soluble solids, and moisture content. Seven clades with different fruit characteristics were revealed in the cluster analysis. Genetic diversity and relationships among accessions were analyzed using thirteen inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR), twenty-six start codon-targeted (SCoT) polymorphisms, and fifteen conserved DNA-derived polymorphisms (CDDP). The ISSR, SCoT, and CDDP markers generated 121, 294, and 170 polymorphic bands, respectively, showing a high prevalence of polymorphism. The average polymorphism information content (PIC) values for ISSR, SCoT, and CDDP were 0.81, 0.84, and 0.84, respectively. The accessions were divided into two groups based on the cluster and STRUCTURE analysis results. The Mantel test revealed that three sets of markers had positive and significant relationships.

研究动机与目标

  • 评估库尔德斯坦地区番茄种质的遗传多样性和种群结构,以支持育种计划。
  • 识别对种质间表型变异有重要贡献的关键果实品质和形态学性状。
  • 评估ISSR、SCoT和CDDP标记在检测多态性和遗传关系方面的有效性。
  • 通过利用未充分利用的种质资源,为拓宽番茄遗传基础奠定基础。
  • 为未来作物改良提供关于抗逆性与果实品质遗传结构的见解。

提出的方法

  • 从库尔德斯坦地区六个省份收集64份番茄种质,进行表型和分子分析。
  • 利用表型数据测量果实品质指标,包括果实重量、直径、可溶性固形物含量、含水量和大小。
  • 进行主成分分析(PCA),以识别解释形态变异最重要的性状。
  • 进行系统聚类分析,根据果实特征对种质进行分组,揭示七个不同的类群。
  • 使用三种分子标记系统——ISSR(13个标记)、SCoT(26个标记)和CDDP(15个标记)——评估遗传多样性。
  • 应用STRUCTURE和UPGMA聚类分析,以及Mantel检验,评估遗传关系及标记集之间的相关性。

实验结果

研究问题

  • RQ1哪些果实形态学和品质性状对番茄种质间表型变异的贡献最为显著?
  • RQ2利用分子标记时,64份库尔德斯坦地区番茄种质的遗传多样性如何?
  • RQ3番茄种质的种群结构是怎样的?基于遗传和表型数据,它们如何聚类?
  • RQ4ISSR、SCoT和CDDP标记在检测遗传变异方面的相关性如何?
  • RQ5这些种质作为培育抗逆性强、高产番茄品种的遗传资源,具有多大潜力?

主要发现

  • 表型分析显示,番茄种质间存在高水平的显著变异,尤其在果实重量、大小、直径、可溶性固形物含量和含水量方面。
  • 主成分分析确定果实重量、果实大小、直径、可溶性固形物含量和含水量为解释形态变异最重要的性状。
  • 聚类分析根据果实特征将种质划分为七个不同的类群,表明存在显著的表型多样性。
  • ISSR、SCoT和CDDP标记分别产生121、294和170个多态性条带,表明该群体中遗传多态性水平很高。
  • 平均多态性信息含量(PIC)值分别为:ISSR为0.81,SCoT为0.84,CDDP为0.84,证实了这些标记具有高度信息量。
  • STRUCTURE和聚类分析均将种质划分为两个主要遗传类群,且Mantel检验证实三组标记之间存在显著的正相关性。

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