Insun Park

We investigated the phase transition behavior from the hexagonally perforated layer (HPL) to the gyroid (G) phase in supported thin film of a polystyrene- b -polyisoprene (PS- b -PI) diblock copolymer ( M n = 34.0 kg/mol, wt PI = 0.634) by grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering. After annealing at 120 °C, the PS- b -PI thin film spin-coated on silicon wafer exhibited HPL morphology with its lamellae highly oriented parallel to the substrate up to a thickness as much as 1 μm. The interfac

Block copolymer ordering in thin films on a preferentially wetting flat substrate is studied using a polystyrene- b -poly(methyl methacrylate) (PS- b -PMMA) diblock copolymer, which forms PMMA cylinders in bulk. Tapping-mode AFM and cross-sectional TEM were employed to characterize the thin film ordered structure of the PS- b -PMMA on a flat silicon surface with native oxide that is preferentially wetted by PMMA blocks. The PS- b -PMMA in thin film develops hexagonally perforated layer (HPL), wh

The chain architecture dependence of the retention behavior of block copolymers in the temperature gradient interaction chromatography (TGIC) and liquid chromatography at the critical condition (LCCC) was investigated. For the purpose, polystyrene (PS)/polybutadiene (PB) diblock (SB), SBS triblock, and BSB triblock copolymers were prepared by sequential anionic polymerization and further fractionated by reversed-phase TGIC to obtain a set of the block copolymers with high purity, narrow distribu

Abstract Detection of light in the near‐infrared (NIR) and shortwave infrared (SWIR) spectral range is essential for the wide practical applications of biometrics, surveillance, machine vision, etc., in which organic molecules have gained growing interest as the potential sensing materials. In this study, the newly synthesized donor–acceptor type copolymers consisting of [1,2,5]thiadiazolo[3,4‐g]quinoxaline core unit with phenyl pendant groups as the acceptor and thiophene unit as the donor for

We have developed a simple, robust, and efficient technology utilizing cheap and recoverable materials based on commercially available silicone elastomer networks for removing organic solvents and crude oil from waters. Hydrophobic and oleophilic properties of silicone elastomers endow poly(dimethyl siloxane) (PDMS) with the capacity to absorb a large variety of organics, including benzene (B), toluene (T), ethylbenzene (E), and xylene (X), commonly referred to as BTEX, and also crude oils, whil

BACKGROUND: A novel short-acting benzodiazepine, Remimazolam, has recently been approved for general anesthesia and sedation. Hence, we investigated the feasibility and safety of remimazolam during the induction and maintenance of general anesthesia without using a neuromuscular blocking agent (NMBA) in patients undergoing hysteroscopic surgery. METHODS: This prospective observational study included 38 patients undergoing hysteroscopic surgery. Remimazolam and remifentanil were the main anesthet

Endocrine cells of the pancreatic and bile duct system of the diabetic rat were characterized with reference to their influence on duct function. In streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, the endocrine cells showed various changes in number and topographic distribution along the epithelial lining of the duct system. With the exception of insulin cells, which demonstrated a marked decrease, the number of duct endocrine cells generally increased in the duct system of the diabetic animal, particular

This study sought to predict leachate levels within a municipal solid waste landfill and evaluate design alternatives for landfill expansion using the U.S. Geological Survey modular flow model with new flow and contaminant transport packages (MODFLOW-SURFACT). This was used to overcome the drawbacks of the more widely used Hydrologic Evaluation of Landfill Performance (HELP) model in predicting leachate levels and movement within a landfill. The valley landfill in this study had two imminent iss

Albeit effective, methionine/protein restriction in the management of classical homocystinuria (HCU) is suboptimal and hard to follow. To address unmet need, we developed an enzyme therapy (OT-58), which effectively corrected disease symptoms in various mouse models of HCU in the absence of methionine restriction. Here we evaluated short- and long-term efficacy of OT-58 on the background of current dietary management of HCU. Methionine restriction resulted in the lowering of total homocysteine (

BACKGROUND: Few studies have evaluated the use of automated artificial intelligence (AI)-based pain recognition in postoperative settings or the correlation with pain intensity. In this study, various machine learning (ML)-based models using facial expressions, the analgesia nociception index (ANI), and vital signs were developed to predict postoperative pain intensity, and their performances for predicting severe postoperative pain were compared. METHODS: In total, 155 facial expressions from p