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Postmenopausal status is an independent risk factor for the metabolic syndrome and all of its individual components. The risk for the metabolic syndrome increased up to 14 years since menopause. In addition, postmenopausal status has effects during different periods since menopause for each of these components.

We observed a high prevalence of HR-HPV infection in pregnant women. Moreover, HR-HPV infection was associated with a risk of PROM at term. Further studies are needed to evaluate mechanisms by which HR-HPV infection induces PROM.

Preeclampsia and gestational diabetes (GDM) have several mechanisms in common. The aim of this study was to determine whether women with preeclampsia have an increased risk of GDM in a subsequent pregnancy. Study data were collected from the Korea National Health Insurance Claims Database of the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service for 2007-2012. Patients who had their first delivery in 2007 and a subsequent delivery between 2008 and 2012 in Korea were enrolled. A model of multivariate

Poor oral health is not only associated with diabetes and cardiovascular disease but adverse pregnancy outcomes. However the influence of dental caries on pregnancy is unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between dental caries and adverse pregnancy outcomes and the effect of treatment for dental caries on adverse pregnancy outcomes. Primiparas who delivered a singleton between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2014 and underwent both general health examination and oral h

Among various reproductive factors, age at first birth was negatively associated with metabolic syndrome in Korean postmenopausal women.

Parity is associated with weight retention and has long-lasting and detrimental effects on the health of women. Previous studies have shown that increasing parity was independently associated with an increased prevalence of metabolic syndrome. Postpartum weight is made up of several components including uterine and mammary tissues, body water (intracellular (ICW) and extracellular water (ECW)), and fat. These components change in variable amounts postpartum, thereby distinctly affecting the inte

The aim of this study was to assess the effects of intensive training on menstrual function and related serum hormones and peptides.Forty female participants who attended a training course for an officer at the Korea Third Military Academy, and had regular menstrual periods were enrolled. Menstrual questionnaires and fasting blood samples were collected before entry and at 4-week intervals for 8 weeks. The levels of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), cortisol, prolactin, endorphin-β, neurope

Abdominal obesity, as measured by WC, was associated with significantly increased risk of dementia after adjustment for general obesity.

It is suggested that resistin not only affects energy homeostasis by existing in high levels in the fetus, but may play an important role in controlling body weight through effective regulation of adipogenesis by negative feedback.

Increased ferritin levels may be a determinant for metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal women but not in premenopausal women.

High blood Hg levels were associated with a lower risk of having osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Because biomarkers of all four metals measured in this study reflect recent exposures, further studies are necessary to clarify the association of osteoporosis with the level of heavy metals in biomarkers for long-term exposure such as hair or fingernail.

Adolescent pregnancy may be a predictor of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.