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ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVReviewNEXTRecent Developments in Magnetic Diagnostic SystemsHakho Lee†, Tae-Hyun Shin‡, Jinwoo Cheon‡, and Ralph Weissleder*†§View Author Information† § †Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, and §Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States‡ Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, 120-749, Korea*Tel.: 617-726-8226. E-mail: [email protected]Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2015, 115, 19, 1

The ability to detect rare cells (<100 cells/ml whole blood) and obtain quantitative measurements of specific biomarkers on single cells is increasingly important in basic biomedical research. Implementing such methodology for widespread use in the clinic, however, has been hampered by low cell density, small sample sizes, and requisite sample purification. To overcome these challenges, we have developed a microfluidic chip-based micro-Hall detector (μHD), which can directly measure single, immu

Rapid spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is ravaging the globe. Since its first report in December 2019, COVID-19 cases have exploded to over 14 million as of July 2020, claiming more than 600,000 lives. Implementing fast and widespread diagnostic tests is paramount to contain COVID-19, given the current lack of an effective therapeutic or vaccine. This review focuses on a broad description of currently available diagnostic tests to detect either the virus (SARS-CoV-2) or virus-induce

Catching bugs: A highly sensitive and fast detection system was developed for infectious agents. In this approach, bacteria were incubated with magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), concentrated inside a microfluidic chamber, and detected with a miniaturized NMR chip. The method showed unprecedented sensitivity, detecting 20 bacteria in a 1 mL sample of sputum within 30 min.

Controlled assembly of magnetic nanoparticles was demonstrated by manipulating magnetotactic bacteria in a fluid with microelectromagnets. Magnetotactic bacteria synthesize a chain of magnetic nanoparticles inside their bodies. Microelectromagnets, consisting of multiple layers of lithographically patterned conductors, generate versatile magnetic fields on micrometer length scales, allowing sophisticated control of magnetotactic bacteria inside a microfluidic chamber. A single bacterium was stab

There is a growing need for fast, highly sensitive and quantitative technologies to detect and profile unaltered cells in biological samples. Technologies in current clinical use are often time consuming, expensive, or require considerable sample sizes. Here, we report a diagnostic magnetic resonance (DMR) sensor that combines a miniaturized NMR probe with targeted magnetic nanoparticles for detection and molecular profiling of cancer cells. The sensor measures the transverse relaxation rate of

Manipulation of biological cells using a CMOS/microfluidic hybrid system is demonstrated. The hybrid system starts with a custom-designed CMOS (complementary metal-oxide semiconductor) chip fabricated in a semiconductor foundry. A microfluidic channel is post-fabricated on top of the CMOS chip to provide biocompatible environments. The motion of individual biological cells that are tagged with magnetic beads is directly controlled by the CMOS chip that generates microscopic magnetic field patter

We have developed a next generation, miniaturized platform to diagnose disease at the point-of-care using diagnostic magnetic resonance (DMR-3). Utilizing a rapidly growing library of functionalized magnetic nanoparticles, DMR has previously been demonstrated as a versatile tool to quantitatively and rapidly detect disease biomarkers in unprocessed biological samples. A major hurdle for bringing DMR to the point-of-care has been its sensitivity to temperature variation. As an alternative to cost

Sepsis is an often fatal condition that arises when the immune response to an infection causes widespread systemic organ injury. A critical unmet need in combating sepsis is the lack of accurate early biomarkers that produce actionable results in busy clinical settings. Here, we report the development of a point-of-care platform for rapid sepsis detection. Termed IBS (integrated biosensor for sepsis), our approach leverages (i) the pathophysiological role of cytokine interleukin-3 (IL-3) in earl

The potent core: A new approach to preparing highly magnetic nanoparticles consisting of a ferromagnetic core (Fe) and an artificial ferrite shell was developed. The monometallic core contributes to high overall magnetization. The superparamagnetic ferrite shell protects the core against oxidation and further increases magnetization while minimizing particle aggregation.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), actively shed from a variety of neoplastic and host cells, are abundant in blood and carry molecular markers from parental cells. For these reasons, EVs have gained much interest as biomarkers of disease. Among a number of different analytical methods that have been developed, surface plasmon resonance (SPR) stands out as one of the ideal techniques given its sensitivity, robustness, and ability to miniaturize. In this Review, we compare different SPR platforms for

Highly potent magnetic nanomaterials are developed by encasing multiple magnetic cores inside a thin silica shell, in much the same way as the pomegranate fruit contains many seeds within a thin skin. This construct not only produces materials that are biocompatible but also ones that reach theoretically maximum transverse relaxivity. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. The