名古屋大学 · Earth and Planetary Sciences
히토시 마츠이 교수의 연구실은 대기 중 백색연기(Black Carbon)와 에어로졸의 물리적 특성, 분포, 기후 영향을 중심으로 다각도의 모델링과 현장 측정을 융합한 연구를 수행합니다. 특히 BC의 입자 크기, 혼합 상태, 수명 주기 및 대기 순환에 따른 이동 메커니즘을 정밀하게 해석하여 기후 변화에 미치는 영향을 규명하고자 합니다. 또한, 인위적 배출원에서 유래하는 철의 대기 순환과 해양 생물지구화학에 미치는 영향 등 지속 가능한 환경 정책 수립에 기여하는 기초 연구도 진행 중입니다.
표시된 성과는 수집된 데이터 기준으로 산출되며, 일부 차이가 있을 수 있습니다.
Post-industrial increases in atmospheric black carbon (BC) have a large but uncertain warming contribution to Earth's climate. Particle size and mixing state determine the solar absorption efficiency of BC and also strongly influence how effectively BC is removed, but they have large uncertainties. Here we use a multiple-mixing-state global aerosol microphysics model and show that the sensitivity (range) of present-day BC direct radiative effect, due to current uncertainties in emission size dis
[1] Extensive measurements of black carbon (BC) aerosol were conducted in and near the North American Arctic during the Arctic Research of the Composition of the Troposphere from Aircraft and Satellites (ARCTAS) aircraft campaign in April and June–July 2008. We identify the pathways and mechanisms of transport of BC to the Arctic from the Asian continent using these data. The concentration, transport efficiency, and measured altitude of BC over the North American Arctic were highly dependent on
A new two‐dimensional aerosol bin scheme, which resolves both aerosol size and black carbon (BC) mixing state for BC aging processes (e.g., condensation and coagulation) with 12 size × 10 mixing state bins, has been developed and implemented into the WRF‐chem model (MS‐resolved WRF‐chem). The mixing state of BC simulated by this model is compared with direct measurements over the East Asian region in spring 2009. Model simulations generally reproduce the observed features of the BC mixing state,
A total of 16 global chemistry transport models and general circulation models have participated in this study; 14 models have been evaluated with regard to their ability to reproduce the near-surface observed number concentration of aerosol particles and cloud condensation nuclei (CCN), as well as derived cloud droplet number concentration (CDNC). Model results for the period 2011-2015 are compared with aerosol measurements (aerosol particle number, CCN and aerosol particle composition in the s
Atmospheric iron affects the global carbon cycle by modulating ocean biogeochemistry through the deposition of soluble iron to the ocean. Iron emitted by anthropogenic (fossil fuel) combustion is a source of soluble iron that is currently considered less important than other soluble iron sources, such as mineral dust and biomass burning. Here we show that the atmospheric burden of anthropogenic combustion iron is 8 times greater than previous estimates by incorporating recent measurements of ant
Regional aerosol model calculations were made using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF)‐Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) and WRF‐chem models to study spatial and temporal variations of aerosols around Beijing, China, in the summer of 2006, when the Campaigns of Air Quality Research in Beijing and Surrounding Region 2006 (CAREBeijing) intensive campaign was conducted. Model calculations captured temporal variations of primary (such as elemental carbon (EC)) and secondary (such as su
New particle formation (NPF) is one of the most important processes in controlling the concentrations of aerosols (condensation nuclei, CN) and cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) in the atmosphere. In this study, we introduce a new aerosol model representation with 20 size bins between 1 nm and 10 mm and activation-type and kinetic nucleation parameterizations into the WRF-chem model (called NPF-explicit WRF-chem). Model calculations were conducted in the Beijing region in China for the periods dur
Abstract This study develops an aerosol module, the Aerosol Two‐dimensional bin module for foRmation and Aging Simulation version 2 (ATRAS2), and implements the module into a global climate model, Community Atmosphere Model. The ATRAS2 module uses a two‐dimensional (2‐D) sectional representation with 12 size bins for particles from 1 nm to 10 μm in dry diameter and 8 black carbon (BC) mixing state bins. The module can explicitly calculate the enhancement of absorption and cloud condensation nucl
Quantitative evaluation of the performance of one of the most advanced mechanistic secondary organic aerosol (SOA) modules/models, the Model of Aerosol Dynamics, Reaction, Ionization, and Dissolution 2 (MADRID2) in the three‐dimensional Models‐3/Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ), in urban air is made. Model calculations are compared for the Tokyo, Japan, metropolitan area with measurements made using an Aerodyne quadrupole aerosol mass spectrometer (Q‐AMS) at an urban site for 9 days in Ju
Abstract Global aerosol simulations are conducted by using the Community Atmosphere Model version 5 with the Aerosol Two‐dimensional bin module for foRmation and Aging Simulation version 2 (CAM5‐chem/ATRAS2) which was developed in part 1. The model uses a two‐dimensional (2‐D) section representation with 12 size bins from 1 nm to 10 μm and 8 black carbon (BC) mixing state bins, and it can calculate detailed aerosol processes and their interactions with radiation and clouds. The simulations have
Abstract. Aerosol-induced absorption of shortwave radiation can modify the climate through local atmospheric heating, which affects lapse rates, precipitation, and cloud formation. Presently, the total amount of aerosol absorption is poorly constrained, and the main absorbing aerosol species (black carbon (BC), organic aerosols (OA), and mineral dust) are diversely quantified in global climate models. As part of the third phase of the Aerosol Comparisons between Observations and Models (AeroCom)
Abstract. Organic aerosol (OA) simulations using the volatility basis-set approach were made for East Asia and its outflow region. Model simulations were evaluated through comparisons with OA measured by aerosol mass spectrometers in and around Tokyo (at Komaba and Kisai in summer 2003 and 2004) and over the outflow region in East Asia (at Fukue and Hedo in spring 2009). The simulations with aging processes of organic vapors reproduced the mass concentrations, temporal variations, and formation
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAIs) lower intraocular pressure by reducing aqueous flow. It has been thought that this pharmacologic reduction of aqueous flow is mediated by the ciliary epithelium, but it is not known whether this cellular action is effected by inhibition of the membranal (CA IV) and/or cytosolic (CA II) carbonic anhydrases of the ciliary epithelium. The isolated ciliary epithelial bilayer maintains its anatomic and functional polarity and generates a transepithelial potential
Abstract. Number concentrations, size distributions, and mixing states of aerosols are essential parameters for accurate estimations of aerosol direct and indirect effects. In this study, we develop an aerosol module, designated the Aerosol Two-dimensional bin module for foRmation and Aging Simulation (ATRAS), that can explicitly represent these parameters by considering new particle formation (NPF), black carbon (BC) aging, and secondary organic aerosol (SOA) processes. A two-dimensional bin re
Abstract. The uptake of water by atmospheric aerosols has a pronounced effect on particle light scattering properties, which in turn are strongly dependent on the ambient relative humidity (RH). Earth system models need to account for the aerosol water uptake and its influence on light scattering in order to properly capture the overall radiative effects of aerosols. Here we present a comprehensive model–measurement evaluation of the particle light scattering enhancement factor f(RH), defined as
