Ichiro Ieiri 교수

The allelic variants in the human MDR1 gene are likely to be associated with altered absorption and/or disposition profiles of digoxin and P-glycoprotein-mediated drug interaction

Recent pharmacogenomic/pharmacogenetic studies have disclosed important roles of drug transporters in the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) profiles of some clinically relevant drugs. It has concurrently been explained that variations in the drug transporter genes are associated with not only inter-individual but also inter-ethnic differences in PK/PD profiles of these drugs. This review focuses on two uptake and two efflux transporters. Organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP) 1B1 an

Genotypings of two mutations (*2 and *3) in CYP2C19 and the amino acid variants (Arg144/Cys, Tyr358/Cys, Ile359/Leu, and Gly417/Asp) in CYP2C9 were carried out in 140 unrelated Japanese subjects. Thirty-three subjects (23.6%) were genotypically identified as poor metabolizers of CYP2C19, and the allele frequencies of the CYP2C19*2 and CYP2C19*3 were 0.35 and 0.11, respectively. The authors' findings are in agreement with the 18% to 23% prevalence of poor metabolizers in the Japanese populations

It is indicated that blood concentrations, liver function, graft weight, and polymorphism in the ABCB1 gene are important factors in tacrolimus-induced neurotoxicity.

Understanding the mechanisms underlying statin interactions can help minimize drug interactions and reduce the adverse side effects caused by statins. Since recent studies have shown the involvement of drug transporters such as OATP and BCRP as well as CYPs in statin pharmacokinetics, further clinical studies focusing on the drug transporters are necessary. The establishment of biomarkers based on novel mechanisms, such as the leakage of microRNAs into the peripheral blood associated with the mu

To investigate the contribution of genetic polymorphisms of SLCO1B1 and ABCG2 to the pharmacokinetics of a dual substrate, pitavastatin, 2 mg of pitavastatin was administered to 38 healthy volunteers and pharmacokinetic parameters were compared among the following groups: 421C/C(*)1b/(*)1b (group 1), 421C/C(*)1b/(*)15 (group 2), 421C/C(*)15/(*)15 and 421C/A(*)15/(*)15 (group 3), 421C/A(*)1b/(*)1b (group 4), 421A/A(*)1b/(*)1b (group 5), and 421C/A(*)1b/(*)15 (group 6). In SLCO1B1, pitavastatin ar

Recent pharmacogenomic/pharmacogenetic (PGx) studies have disclosed important roles for drug transporters in the human body. Changes in the functions of drug transporters due to drug/food interactions or genetic polymorphisms, for example, are associated with large changes in pharmacokinetic (PK) profiles of substrate drugs, leading to changes in drug response and side effects. This information is extremely useful not only for drug development but also for individualized treatment. Among drug tr

Linezolid is an antimicrobial agent to treat infections by Gram-positive pathogens, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). While effective, linezolid treatment frequently is associated with hematological side effects, especially thrombocytopenia. However, little is known about the mechanism of this side effect and the exposure-response relationship. The present population pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PPK/PD) study was undertaken to elucidate the factors that determine

Imai, Jun; Ieiri, Ichiro; Mamiya, Kohsuke; Miyahara, Sayaka; Furuumi, Hiroyasu; Nanba, Eiji; Yamane, Masayuki; Fukumaki, Yasuyuki; Ninomiya, Hideaki; Tashiro, Nobutada; Otsubo, Kenji; Higuchi, Shun Author Information

Human cytochrome P450 (CYP) is a superfamily of hemoproteins which oxidize a number of endogenous compounds and xenobiotics. The human CYP2C subfamily consists of four members: CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP2C18 and CYP2C19. CYP2C9 and CYP2C19 are important drug-metabolizing enzymes and together metabolize approximately 20% of therapeutically used drugs. Forty-two allelic variants for CYP2C9 and 34 for CYP2C19 have been reported. The frequencies of these variants show marked inter-ethnic variation. The fun

The authors evaluated the contribution of the SLCO2B1 polymorphism to the pharmacokinetics of celiprolol at a microdose (MD) and therapeutic dose (TD) and compared pharmacokinetic proportionality between the 2 dose forms in 30 SLCO2B1 genotype-matched healthy volunteers. Three drugs (celiprolol, fexofenadine, and atenolol) were orally administered as a cassette dosing following the MD (totally 97.5 µg) and then a TD (100 mg) of celiprolol, with and without grapefruit juice. The mean AUC(0-24) of

This study evaluated the catalytic activity of three variants (Ile, Leu, and Thr) at codon 359 of CYP2C9 enzymes expressed in a yeast cDNA expression system, and then established single-strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) analysis for simultaneous detection as a screening method. Diclofenac was used for the in vitro experiment, and its hydroxy metabolite (4'-hydroxydiclofenac) was measured by HPLC. To discuss the in vivo effect of the Thr359 variant on the pharmacokinetics of phenytoin,

Tacrolimus is a well-known potent immunosuppressant agent, which has various drug-drug or food-drug interactions. Previously, we found a renal transplant recipient who increased tacrolimus blood concentrations after ingestion of pomelo as a rare case. So, we investigated the effect of pomelo after its administration for one day or 3 consecutive days on the pharmacokinetics of tacrolimus in rats. We also confirmed the effects of grapefruit, turmeric, and ginger. The tacrolimus blood concentration