김종렬 교수

In this article, we attempt to estimate whether financial inclusion, expressed as financial accessibility, has a positive effect on reducing income inequality. Furthermore, we estimate the effect of such financial inclusion on economic growth by reducing income inequality. From the results of our empirical analysis, we can draw the following three conclusions. First, income inequality has a very negative effect on GDP growth. The negative relationship between income inequality and GDP growth is

Etching results using the solution system of citric acid/H2O2 and de-ionized H2O/buffered oxide etch are shown to provide good selective wet etching of AlGaAs/GaAs structures. For AlxGa1−xAs (x<0.5) layers the selective characteristics of each Al composition strongly depend on the volume ratio of the citric acid/H2O2 solution. The turning volume ratio of the solution, at which etching starts, sensitively depends on Al composition. Additionally, the etch rate of AlyGa1−yAs (y>0.7) q

Magnetic nanoparticles were synthesized by the addition of ammonium hydroxide to an iron chloride solution by chemical co-precipitation. In order to examine systematically the crystal phase, average size, and magnetic properties of the magnetic nanoparticles, the following were used as experimental parameters: molar ratio of Fe2+/Fe3+, composition of the iron chloride solution, amount of ammonium hydroxide, reaction temperature, and oxidation time of reaction precipitate. In the processing condi

We investigated the effects of the in situ thermal cleaning treatment of a (0001) sapphire substrate surface in hydrogen ambient on the structural, optical, and electrical properties of epitaxial GaN films grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). Hall effect, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and photoluminescence measurements of GaN films grown at 1040°C clearly indicate that the film quality is strongly affected by the thermal cleaning treatment of the substrate surface. GaN films under

Crystalline bismuth silicate films were grown on a Si substrate by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. A 100 nm SiO2 layer on Si was changed to bismuth silicate film by the reaction with a Bi and O2 gas mixture. A deposition of less than 30 min formed a single-crystalline phase, having a certain crystallographic relation with (100)Si substrate. The capacitance of the specimen has increased fivefold over that of the original specimen. The crystallinity of deposited films was increased markedl

Lycopene epsilon-cyclase (<i>LcyE</i>) is a key enzyme in the carotenoid biosynthetic pathway of higher plants. Using the CRSPR/Cas9 and the geminiviral replicon, we optimized a method for targeted mutagenesis and golden SNP replacement of the <i>LcyE</i> gene in rice. We have exploited the geminiviral replicon amplification as a means to provide a large amount of donor template for the repair of a CRISPR-Cas-induced DNA double-strand break (DSB) in the target gene via homology-directed repair (

Although proper exercise training induces positive physiological effects, improper exercise can lead to injury, fatigue, and poor performance. The frequency, intensity, time/duration, type, volume, and progression (FITT-VP) are the essential components of exercise training to maintain or improve physical fitness and health. The purpose of this study was to develop specific exercise programs by applying the FITT-VP principle and to examine the effects on heart rate (HR) and hematological and bioc