Valeri Vardanyan 교수

Abstract We review the advanced version of the KKLT construction and pure de Sitter supergravity, involving a nilpotent multiplet, with regard to various conjectures that de Sitter state cannot exist in string theory. We explain why we consider these conjectures problematic and not well motivated, and why the recently proposed alternative string theory models of dark energy, ignoring vacuum stabilization, are ruled out by cosmological observations at least at the 3σ level, i.e. with more than 99

We argue that dark energy with multiple fields is theoretically well-motivated and predicts distinct observational signatures, in particular when cosmic acceleration takes place along a trajectory that is highly non-geodesic in field space. Such models provide novel physics compared to ΛCDM and quintessence by allowing cosmic acceleration on steep potentials. From the theoretical point of view, these theories can easily satisfy the conjectured swampland constraints and may in certain cases be te

Abstract Single-field models of α-attractor quintessential inflation provide a unified picture of the two periods of early- and late-time cosmic acceleration, where both inflation and dark energy are described by a single scalar degree of freedom rolling down a runaway potential. These theoretically well-motivated models have distinct observational predictions that are in agreement with existing cosmological data. We show that the next generation of large-scale structure surveys, even when no ot

Abstract Primordial black holes (PBHs) from the early universe constitute attractive dark matter candidates. First detections of black hole–neutron star (BH–NS) candidate gravitational wave events by the LIGO/Virgo collaboration, GW200105 and GW200115, already prompted speculations about nonastrophysical origin. We analyze, for the first time, the total volumetric merger rates of PBH–NS binaries formed via two-body gravitational scattering, finding them to be subdominant to the astrophysical BH–

Dark energy is often assumed to be composed of a single scalar field. The background cosmic expansion is not sufficient to determine whether this is true or not. We study multifield scalar-tensor models with a general dark matter source and write the observable modified gravity parameters (effective gravitational constant and anisotropic stress) in the form of a ratio of polynomials in the Fourier wave number $k$ of order $2N$, where $N$ is the number of scalar fields. By comparing these observa

Due to their cosmological distances high-energy astrophysical sources allow for unprecedented tests of fundamental physics. Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) comprise among the most sensitive laboratories for exploring the violation of the central physics principle of Lorentz invariance (LIV), by exploiting the spectral time lag of arriving photons. It has been believed that GRB spectral lags are inherently related with their luminosities, and intrinsic source contributions, which remain poorly understood

The non-linear dynamics of scalar fields coupled to matter and gravity can lead to remarkable density-dependent screening effects. In this short review, we present the main classes of screening mechanisms, and discuss their tests in laboratory and astrophysical systems. We particularly focused on reviewing numerical and technical aspects involved in modeling the non-linear dynamics of screening and on tests using laboratory experiments and astrophysical systems, such as stars, galaxies, and dark

We propose a simple, nonlocal modification to general relativity (GR) on large scales, which provides a model of late-time cosmic acceleration in the absence of a cosmological constant and with the same number of free parameters as in standard cosmology. The model is constructed by adding to the gravity sector an extra spin-2 field interacting nonlocally with the physical metric coupled to matter. The model is inspired by the simplest form of the Deser-Woodard (DW) model, $\alpha R\frac{1}{\Box}

Due to their cosmological distances high-energy astrophysical sources allow for unprecedented tests of fundamental physics. Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) comprise among the most sensitive laboratories for exploring the violation of the central physics principle of Lorentz invariance (LIV), by exploiting spectral time lag of arriving photons. It has been believed that GRB spectral lags are inherently related with their luminosities, and intrinsic source contributions, which remain poorly understood, co

<p>The focus of the\ndissertation "Aspects of cosmic acceleration" is the study of\npossible mechanisms responsible for the late-time accelerated expansion of the\nuniverse. It has 5 main chapters. In the first chapter I have given an overview\nof modern cosmology. Particularly, an introduction to cosmological perturbation\ntheory, and a general overview of the cosmological standard model, as well as\nan overview to beyond-standard-model scenarios is presented. Chapter two\ndiscusses cosmo

The non-linear dynamics of scalar fields coupled to matter and gravity can lead to remarkable density-dependent screening effects. In this short review we present the main classes of screening mechanisms, and discuss their tests in laboratory and astrophysical systems. We particularly focus on reviewing numerical and technical aspects involved in modeling the non-linear dynamics of screening. In this review, we focus on tests using laboratory experiments and astrophysical systems, such as stars,