김석환 교수

Pd-Catalyzed oxidative alkynylation of azoles with terminal alkynes was developed via simultaneous activation of both heterocyclic sp(2) C-H and alkynyl sp C-H bonds. The choice of palladium catalyst source and external base resulted in being important factors for performing the reaction with high efficiency and selectivity, and air was successfully utilized as an environmental oxidant in the present alkynylation procedure.

A highly efficient and versatile Pd-catalyzed direct alkynylation reaction of heterocycles with 1-bromoalkynes was developed. The substrate scope of the reaction was very broad to include not only azoles but also azolines for the first time, thus offering an important advance in the direct functionalization of heterocycles.

Phosphoryl azide was successfully employed as an efficient reacting partner in the Cu-catalyzed three-component reaction with 1-alkynes and amines to produce the corresponding phosphoryl amidines in high yields. A range of fruitful applicability of the produced amidines was also demonstrated such as an alkoxide exchange and asymmetric alpha-alkylation of optically active BINOL-derived amidines.

SD-OCT PPAA detects localized RNFLDs with high sensitivity and specificity, which are comparable to the cpRNFL thickness profile of OCT. These findings suggest that the PPAA can be complementary to other tests for diagnosing glaucoma in patients with localized RNFLDs.

A polymorphism of the endothelin receptor type A gene is associated with NTG.

Rarely, patients with peripapillary staphyloma can achieve significant visual improvement by occlusion therapy, although visual outcome is generally poor. Because associated ocular disease and refractive errors are not infrequent, complete ophthalmic examinations and regular follow-up are necessary.

Purpose: To evaluate and compare the diagnostic abilities of the speckle noise–reduced spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT; Spectralis OCT) and time-domain optical coherence tomography (TD-OCT; Stratus OCT) to detect localized retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) defects in patients with preperimetric open-angle glaucoma. Methods: Thirty-five eyes of 35 preperimetric glaucoma patients with localized RNFL defects and 72 normal control eyes were scanned using SD-OCT and TD-OCT. Areas

Phacoemulsification and foldable IOL implantation combined with primary vitrectomy and silicone oil tamponade was performed safely with favorable anatomic and visual outcomes in eyes with severe PDR.

The reproducibility of SD-OCT RNFL and macular measurements for children was excellent, albeit statistically lower than that for adults.