[Paper Review] New Era of Artificial Intelligence in Education: Towards a Sustainable Multifaceted Revolution

Firuz Kamalov, Calong, David Santandreu+1 more|arXiv (Cornell University)|May 12, 2023

Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education70 citations

TL;DR

This paper reviews AI in education across applications, benefits, and challenges, advocating adoption with guardrails to harness benefits while mitigating risks.

ABSTRACT

The recent high performance of ChatGPT on several standardized academic tests has thrust the topic of artificial intelligence (AI) into the mainstream conversation about the future of education. As deep learning is poised to shift the teaching paradigm, it is essential to have a clear understanding of its effects on the current education system to ensure sustainable development and deployment of AI-driven technologies at schools and universities. This research aims to investigate the potential impact of AI on education through review and analysis of the existing literature across three major axes: applications, advantages, and challenges. Our review focuses on the use of artificial intelligence in collaborative teacher--student learning, intelligent tutoring systems, automated assessment, and personalized learning. We also report on the potential negative aspects, ethical issues, and possible future routes for AI implementation in education. Ultimately, we find that the only way forward is to embrace the new technology, while implementing guardrails to prevent its abuse.

Motivation & Objective

• Review the existing literature related to AI in education.
• Analyze the potential impact of AI in education.
• Identify the main avenues in applications, benefits, and challenges of AI in education.

Proposed method

• Conduct a scoping review following PRISMA-ScR guidelines.
• Search Scopus and Google Scholar for 2019–2023 literature.
• Apply inclusion criteria to English, peer‑reviewed works with full text.
• Perform thematic analysis to extract overarching themes and insights.
• Discuss future directions and ethical guardrails for AI in education.

Experimental results

Research questions

• RQ1 RQ1: How can AI have an impact on Higher Education?
• RQ2 RQ2: What are the benefits and challenges associated with the use of AI in Higher Education?

Key findings

• Four overarching themes emerged: Personalized Learning, Intelligent Tutoring Systems, Assessment Automation, and Teacher–Student Collaboration.
• Each theme has identified benefits such as improved learning outcomes, engagement, accessibility, and efficiency.
• Each theme also lists challenges including data privacy, bias, implementation costs, and impact on human interaction.
• The review discusses ethical considerations and advocates embracing AI with guardrails to prevent abuse, citing ChatGPT as a turning point in the education discourse.