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[论文解读] Search for planets in hot Jupiter systems with multi-sector TESS photometry. I. No companions in planetary systems KELT-18, KELT-23, KELT-24, Qatar-8, WASP-62, WASP-100, WASP-119, and WASP-126

G. Maciejewski|arXiv (Cornell University)|Oct 22, 2020
Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies被引用 10
一句话总结

本研究利用多段区Tess光度观测,通过凌日检测和凌日时刻变化(TTV)分析,在八个热木星系统(KELT-18、KELT-23、KELT-24、Qatar-8、WASP-62、WASP-100、WASP-119、WASP-126)中搜索额外行星。在KELT-23和WASP-62系统中未发现大小类地行星的凌日伴星,在其余系统中未发现迷你海王星或海王星大小的伴星,且未检测到TTV信号,支持热木星的高偏心率迁移模型。

ABSTRACT

Origins of giant planets on tight orbits, so called hot Jupiters, are a long-lasting question in the planetary formation and evolution theory. The answer seems to be hidden in architectures of those systems that remain only partially understood. Using multi-sector time-series photometry from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite, we searched for additional planets in the KELT-18, KELT-23, KELT-24, Qatar-8, WASP-62, WASP-100, WASP-119, and WASP-126 planetary systems using both the transit technique and transit timing method. Our homogenous analysis has eliminated the presence of transiting companions down to the terrestrial-size regime in the KELT-23 and WASP-62 systems, and down to mini-Neptunes or Neptunes in the remaining ones. Transit timing analysis has revealed no sign of either long-term trends or periodic perturbations for all the studied hot Jupiters, including the WASP-126 b for which deviations from a Keplerian model were claimed in the literature. The loneliness of the planets of the sample speaks in favour of the high-eccentricity migration mechanism that probably brought them to their tight orbits observed nowadays. As a byproduct of our study, the transit light curve parameters were redetermined with a substantial improvement of the precision for 6 systems. For KELT-24 b, a joint analysis allowed us to place a tighter constraint on its orbital eccentricity.

研究动机与目标

  • 利用高精度Tess光度观测,研究热木星系统中是否存在额外行星。
  • 检验在热木星系统中是否存在行星伴星,尤其是低质量伴星。
  • 通过改进的光曲线建模,解决先前研究中凌日参数的不一致之处。
  • 评估凌日时刻变化(TTVs)是否表明存在未见伴星的引力扰动。
  • 评估高偏心率迁移在塑造热木星轨道构型中的作用。

提出的方法

  • 分析覆盖长达13个区段的多段区Tess光曲线,以实现长期基线光度观测。
  • 应用凌日法检测大小类地天体的额外凌日行星。
  • 利用凌日时刻变化(TTV)分析检测非凌日伴星引起的引力扰动。
  • 通过MCMC联合光曲线建模,更精确地优化凌日参数(如轨道倾角、a/R*、行星半径)。
  • 将重新确定的参数与先前文献值进行比较,评估一致性并识别显著差异。
  • 使用AoV周期图和TTV建模检测凌日时刻中的周期性或长期趋势。

实验结果

研究问题

  • RQ1在KELT-18、KELT-23、KELT-24、Qatar-8、WASP-62、WASP-100、WASP-119和WASP-126系统中是否存在额外的凌日行星?
  • RQ2凌日时刻变化(TTVs)是否表明这些热木星系统中存在非凌日伴星?
  • RQ3来自Tess数据的精化凌日参数与这些系统先前报告的值相比如何?
  • RQ4KELT-24 b和WASP-62 b的轨道偏心率是否与正在进行的高偏心率迁移一致?
  • RQ5WASP-126 b中TTV的缺失是否证实其孤立性,与早期关于周期性偏差的主张相矛盾?

主要发现

  • 在KELT-23和WASP-62系统中未检测到大小类地行星的凌日伴星,在其余六个系统中未检测到迷你海王星或海王星大小的伴星。
  • 凌日时刻分析未在八个系统中发现任何周期性或长期趋势,包括WASP-126 b,与早期关于TTV的主张相矛盾。
  • KELT-18 b的轨道倾角测定为82.90° ± 0.62°,比先前报告的88.9° ± 1.2°低4.4σ,a/R*为4.36 ± 0.11,比先前报告的5.138 ± 0.078低5.8σ。
  • 对于KELT-24 b,倾角测定为85.08° ± 0.20°,比Rodriguez等人(2019)的值低5.3σ,比Hjorth等人(2019)的值低3.1σ,a/R*为7.89 ± 0.14,比Rodriguez等人(2019)的值低9.0σ。
  • 通过联合分析更严格地约束了KELT-24 b的轨道偏心率,支持其存在非开普勒动力学。
  • KELT-24 b和WASP-62 b的系统年龄估计与它们非零偏心率是高偏心率迁移残余的结论一致,因为圆化 timescales 与系统年龄相当或更短。

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