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[论文解读] The K giant stars from the LAMOST survey data II: the Hercules stream in radial migration

Chao Liu, Xiaohong Chen|arXiv (Cornell University)|Oct 21, 2015
Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies参考文献 2被引用 3
一句话总结

本研究利用LAMOST DR2的K型巨星,识别出太阳邻域中一个明显的年龄-金属度亚结构(‘窄条纹’),其与内盘(R ~ 4 kpc)的径向迁移相关。猎户座流及其他运动学亚结构被证明是该迁移群体的运动学印记,径向迁移速度约为1.1 ± 0.1 kpc Gyr⁻¹,且约有三分之一的太阳邻域恒星被发现曾从内盘径向迁移而来,且未引起显著的盘面增厚。

ABSTRACT

We estimate the age for the individual stars located at the lower part of the red giant branch from the LAMOST DR2 K giant sample. Taking into account the selection effects and the volume completeness, the age--metallicity map for the stars located between 0.3 and 1.5 kpc from the Sun is obtained. A significant substructure (denoted as the \it{narrow stripe}) located from (age, [Fe/H])$\sim$(5, 0.4) to (10 Gyr, -0.4 dex) in the age--metallicity map is clearly identified. Moreover, the \it{narrow stripe} stars are found the dominate contributors to several velocity substructures, including the well-known Hercules stream. The substantially large difference between the observed guiding-center radii and the birth radii inferred from the age--metallicity relation is evident that the \it{narrow stripe} stars have been radially migrated from about R$\sim4$ kpc to the solar neighborhood. This implies that the Hercules stream may not be owe to the resonance associated with the bar, but may be the kinematic imprint of the inner disk and later moved out due to radial migration. We estimate that the traveling speed of the radial migration are roughly 1.1$\pm0.1$ kpc Gyr$^{-1}$, equivalent with about $1.1\pm0.1$ km s$^{-1}$. This is in agreement with the median $v_R$ of $2.6^{+1.8}_{-1.9}$ km s$^{-1}$ of the \it{narrow stripe}. We also obtain that about one third stars in the solar neighborhood are radially migrated from around 4 kpc. Finally, we find that the radial migration does not lead to additional disk thickening according to the distribution of $z_{max}$.

研究动机与目标

  • 利用K型巨星提供的精确年龄和金属度估计,研究太阳邻域中如猎户座流等运动学亚结构的起源。
  • 确定内盘的径向迁移是否可解释观测到的年龄-金属度关系及速度亚结构。
  • 通过垂直振幅(z_max)分布评估径向迁移对盘结构的影响,特别是盘面增厚的影响。
  • 量化向太阳邻域迁移的径向速度及迁移恒星的比例。

提出的方法

  • 通过将LAMOST DR2样本中K型巨星的观测参数(Teff, log g, [Fe/H])与理论等龄线进行比较,估算其恒星年龄。
  • 校正选择效应和体积完整性,构建太阳周围0.3–1.5 kpc范围内恒星的可靠年龄-金属度关系(AMR)。
  • 识别AMR中的窄条纹亚结构,并分析其运动学特性(三维速度、导引半径Rg、偏心率、z_max)。
  • 基于内盘中的径向金属度梯度,从其年龄-金属度关系推断窄条纹恒星的诞生半径。
  • 通过比较推断的诞生半径(R ~ 4 kpc)与观测的导心半径(Rg ~ 6 kpc)及恒星年龄,估算径向迁移速度。
  • 通过比较窄条纹与主样本的z_max分布,评估对盘厚度的影响,结果未发现显著差异。

实验结果

研究问题

  • RQ1猎户座流及其他太阳邻域速度亚结构的起源是什么?
  • RQ2观测到的年龄-金属度亚结构(即窄条纹)是否可由来自内盘的径向迁移解释?
  • RQ3窄条纹中恒星的径向迁移速度是多少?与运动学测量结果相比如何?
  • RQ4径向迁移是否导致额外的盘面增厚,如z_max分布所示?
  • RQ5有多少比例的太阳邻域恒星经历了来自内盘的径向迁移?

主要发现

  • 年龄-金属度平面中的窄条纹亚结构从(5 Gyr, 0.4 dex)延伸至(10 Gyr, -0.4 dex),表明其包含老而金属贫乏与年轻而金属丰富的恒星混合。
  • 窄条纹恒星是猎户座流及其他速度亚结构的主要贡献者,表明这些结构是径向迁移群体的运动学印记。
  • 观测到的导心半径(Rg ~ 6 kpc)显著大于推断的诞生半径(~4 kpc),表明恒星经历了约2 kpc的径向迁移。
  • 径向迁移速度估计为1.1 ± 0.1 kpc Gyr⁻¹(约1.1 ± 0.1 km s⁻¹),与窄条纹恒星的平均径向速度2.6⁺¹.⁸₋₁.⁹ km s⁻¹一致。
  • 约三分之一的太阳邻域恒星被发现曾从内盘(R ~ 4 kpc)径向迁移而来。
  • 窄条纹与主样本之间的z_max分布无显著差异,表明径向迁移不会导致额外的盘面增厚。

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