Michiyuki Kawakami

A neurophysiological study has been made in rabbits of the effects of sex steroids and pituitary and placcntal hormones on sex behavior and pituitary function as related to changes in thresholds of two opposing cerebral systems: the EEG arousal threshold involving the brain stem rcticular formation (I), and the EEG after-reaction threshold involving the rhinencephalon and hypothalamus (TI). In the estrous or estrogen-primed female rabbit, progesterone at first lowers both thresholds for a few ho

Electrical activity of the brain during the critical period in the rat was examined throughout the estrous cycle, using chronically implanted macro-micro electrodes. Slight circadian rhythms were observed in the basal level of the integrated multiple unit activity (MUA) in the basal hypothalamus and forebrain limbic area. In addition to these changes, a gradual increase of MUA in the basal hypothalamus was observed during the evening of diestrus day 2, while there was no change in the forebrain

The EEG after-reaction which ordinarily follows coitus in the female rabbit can be induced by “inhibitory-type” low frequency (5⁄sec), low voltage (0.01–1.0V) electrical stimulation, applied through chronically implanted electrodes to the hypothalamus, the olfactory bulb, the septum, the hippocampus or the amygdala. Following electrical stimulation at these voltages (too low to induce ovulation), the phase of sleep spindles may start immediately, and the latency of the stage of hippocampal hyper

<b>Background:</b> Somatosensory impairment is common in patients who have had a stroke and can affect their motor function and activities of daily living (ADL). Therefore, detecting and treating somatosensory impairments properly is considered to be very important, and various examinations have been developed. However, the reliability and validity of few of them have been verified due to differences in the procedure of each examiner or poor quantification by the examination itself. <b>Objective

Iontophoretic application of LH-releasing hormone (LH-RH) elicited changes in the activity of 44 out of 74 MBH units. Each unit was recorded from the neurons which were confirmed to send their axons directly to the median eminence by antidromic activation. The responsiveness of the units to LH-RH fluctuated during the estrous cycle, with a larger percentage of responsive units on proestrus than on diestrus-1. Because estrogen treatment in ovariectomized rats increased the response of the units,

Serum and pituitary LH and FSH were measured during the estrous cycle, following electrical stimulation of the medial preoptic area (MPO), medial part of the amygdala (AMYG), and dorsal hippocampus (HPC). MPO stimulation induced elevation of serum and pituitary LH throughout the estrous cycle, and of FSH on the day of proestrus. AMYG stimulation elevated serum LH and FSH on the day of proestrus, only. Both serum and pituitary prolactin were decreased by either MPO or AMYG stimulation throughout

<b>Background and Purpose:</b> Limited research has been conducted with the aim of understanding which upper extremity movements are difficult for persons with severe chronic stroke. The purpose of this study was to test the structure of the Fugl-Meyer Assessment for Upper Extremity (FMA-UE) using Rasch analysis in persons with chronic stroke with moderate to severe deficits and to determine the item difficulty hierarchy. <b>Methods:</b> This was a secondary analysis of data from previous random

The sites of the stimulatory feedback action of gonadal steroids on LH release were investigated in estrogen-primed ovariectomized rats. Either estradiol benzoate (E2) or estrone (E1) injections 72 h after E2 priming induced a significant increase in serum LH 30 h later, whereas injections of progesterone (P) did so 6 h later. Horizontal sections placed above the medial preoptic area prevented the increase after E2 injections but not after E1 and P injections. Retrochiasmatic sections or bilater

Combining BMI training with HANDS therapy could be an effective therapeutic strategy for severe UE paralysis after stroke.

A complement-dependent bactericidal factor (RaRF) specific for the Ra chemotype strains of Salmonella and for the Ra-like strains of other enterobacteria has been found in sera of mice. We show here that the anti-Ra bactericidal factors are present in sera of all species, so far tested, of mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and bony and cartilaginous fish. Certain properties, such as binding specificity, requirement of divalent cations for binding, and sensitivities to heat and reducing agent

In order to elucidate neural pathways concerned with the proestrous surge of LH, FSH and prolactin (Prl) release, brain transection or lesion was made acutely under ether anesthesia between 12.00 and 14.00 h of proestrus, and electrochemical stimulation was done under anesthesia with pentobarbital sodium (31.5 mg/kg b.w.) injected at 13.45 h. Transection which interrupted the connection of septum (SEPT), diagonal band of Broca (DBB) and bed nucleus of stria terminalis (BST) with the preoptic-sup

A complement-dependent bactericidal factor, Ra-reactive factor, that acts specifically on Ra chemotype strains of Salmonella was found in sera of eighteen strains of nonimmune mice, including a thymusless strain. The specificity of binding of this factor to the cells of Ra chemotype bacteria was evidenced by absorption studies. The factor was inactivated by treatment with 0.02 M 2-mercaptoethanol or heating for 30 min at 55 degrees C. This factor was present in mice reared by feeding with a chem

Since the MDC of gait speed and gait time differ depending on the participant's gait speed, it is necessary to interpret the results according to the participant's gait speed when judging the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions.

&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; The energy demands in patients with stroke during the subacute phases are unclear. However, this information is essential for appropriate clinical and nutritional management. The aims of this study were to determine the resting energy expenditure (REE) during the subacute phases, examine its relationships with stroke types, location, severity of hemiparesis, and activities of daily living (ADL), and evaluate whether estimation of REE from the Har