Minsik Kim

The fabrication of graphitic carbon nitride with 3-dimensionally extended highly ordered pore arrays is described, and the N-rich porous carbon was utilized for the first time as a support for Pt50–Ru50 alloy catalyst to study the support effect on the anodic performance in direct methanol fuel cells; it displays promising results as a catalyst support in the fuel cell.

The potential of bacteriophage as an alternative biocontrol agent has recently been revisited due to the widespread occurrence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. We isolated a virulent bacteriophage, SPC35, that can infect both Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium and Escherichia coli. Morphological analysis by transmission electron microscopy and analysis of its 118,351-bp genome revealed that SPC35 is a T5 group phage belonging to the family Siphoviridae. BtuB, the outer membrane protein for

As natural killers of bacteria, bacteriophages have forced bacteria to develop a variety of defence mechanisms. The alteration of host receptors is one of the most common bacterial defence strategies against phage infection, which completely blocks phage attachment but comes at a potential fitness cost to the bacteria. Here, we report the cost-free, transient emergence of phage resistance in Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Typhimurium through a phase-variable modification of the

Salmonella spp. are among the major food-borne pathogens that cause mild diarrhea to severe bacteremia. The use of bacteriophages to control various food-borne pathogens, including Salmonella, has emerged as a promising alternative to traditional chemotherapy. We isolated the Siphoviridae family phage SSU5, which can infect only rough strains of Salmonella. The blocking of SSU5 adsorption by periodate treatment of host Salmonella cells and spotting and adsorption assays with mutants that contain

Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium rough strain-specific phage SSU5 was isolated, and its whole genome was sequenced. The 103,229-bp-long double-stranded DNA genome of SSU5 encodes 130 open reading frames with one tRNA for asparagine. Genomic analysis revealed that SSU5 might be the phylogenetic origin of cryptic plasmid pHCM2 harbored by Salmonella Typhi CT18.

Dentists should always consider the possibility of brain trauma and perform a complete craniofacial and oral examination when assessing patients after e-scooter accidents as outlined by the International Association of Dental Traumatology guidelines. Additionally, it is necessary to educate e-scooter riders about the importance of wearing protective devices, such as helmets, to reduce the risk of injuries to the craniofacial region.

Demographic bioassays were carried out in the laboratory to assess the demographic responses of Tetranychus urticae Koch to fenpyroximate and pyridaben at three levels of sublethal concentrations (LC10, LC30 and LC50). Life table data were used to generate an age-classified projection model in each sublethal treatment. The elasticity of population growth rate (λ) to changes in each of the individual life traits was calculated. Exposure to fenpyroximate and pyridaben treatments reduced the net re

Prophages switch from lysogenic to lytic mode in response to the host SOS response. The primary factor that governs this switch is a phage repressor, which is typically a host RecA-dependent autocleavable protein. Here, in an effort to reveal the mechanism underlying the phenotypic differences between the Salmonella temperate phages SPC32H and SPC32N, whose genome sequences differ by only two nucleotides, we identified a new class of Podoviridae phage lytic switch antirepressor that is structura

The surface energy of a nanoparticle accounts for a significant fraction of the whole nanoparticle energy and its contribution becomes more important as the nanoparticle size gets smaller. In short, a nanoparticle becomes more unstable and more reactive as it becomes smaller. There are considerable examples of nanoparticle conversion into new nanoparticle systems by utilizing this surface-induced nanoparticle instability and reactivity. In this Highlight, we report the underlying principle of na

In this paper, we consider a beamforming vector design and device selection problem in over-the-air computation (AirComp) for federated learning. Since the learning performance improves as more devices participate in the federated learning aggregation, we formulate a beamforming vector optimization problem that maximizes the number of selected devices under a given target aggregation mean-squared error. This AirComp uplink beamforming problem with device selection is shown to have the same form

<i>Clostridium perfringens</i> is a Gram-positive, anaerobic, and spore forming bacterium that is widely distributed in the environment and one of the most common causes of foodborne illnesses. Bacteriophages are regarded as one of the most promising alternatives to antibiotics in controlling antibiotic-resistant pathogenic bacteria. Here we isolated a virulent <i>C. perfringens</i> phage, CPS1, and analysis of its whole genome and morphology revealed a small genome (19 kbps) and a short noncont

In this article, we present a new iterative MIMO detection algorithm based on inexact alternating direction method of multipliers. Each iteration is considered as a neural network layer with learnable parameters, which are optimized by the stochastic gradient descent algorithm with a training data set of the received vectors and the ground truth transmitted signals. Numerical results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms the existing learnable detection network and it achieves near-optima

The culture conditions and media composition for the heterotrophic culture of an axenic strain of Ettlia sp. YC001 were firstly optimized using the Plackett-Burman design (PBD) and response surface methodology (RSM). The strain successfully showed higher productivity in the basal media without any light illumination at 32.2 to 33.3 °C. The PBD results showed that the most effective components for biomass productivity of Ettlia sp. were fructose and yeast extract for sources of C and N, respectiv

Most respiratory microbiome studies use amplicon sequencing due to high host DNA. Metagenomics sequencing offers finer taxonomic resolution, phage assessment, and functional characterization. We evaluated five host DNA depletion methods on frozen nasal swabs from healthy adults, sputum from people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF), and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) from critically ill patients. Median sequencing depth was 76.4 million reads per sample. Untreated nasal, sputum, and BAL had 94.1%, 99.2%,