東北大学 · 地球惑星科学
Uchida教授の研究室は、主に地震学と地球物理学を基盤とし、特にプレート境界での繰り返し地震(repeater)とスロースリップ現象の観測・解析を通じて、深部のプレート境界の滑り状態や地震発生メカニズムを解明することを目的としています。特に、小さな繰り返し地震の波形や位置の精密な解析から、故障上の「ゆっくりしたずれ(スロースリップ)」をリアルタイムで追跡する「地震波形から作るクリープメーター」の構築を進めています。また、2011年東北地方太平洋沖地震の発生メカニズム解明にも貢献し、高コアリジョン領域の特定と津波発生メカニズムの理解を深めています。
Figures are computed from collected data and may differ slightly.
ACE910 is a recombinant humanized bispecific antibody that binds to activated factor IX and factor X and mimics the cofactor function of factor VIII (FVIII). This first-in-human study examined the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics (PK), and pharmacodynamics (PD) of ACE910 in healthy male adults. A total of 40 Japanese and 24 white subjects were randomized to receive a single subcutaneous injection of ACE910 (Japanese: 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 0.3, or 1 mg/kg; white: 0.1, 0.3, or 1 mg/kg; n = 6 per
Repeating earthquakes, or repeaters, are identical in location and geometry but occur at different times. They appear to represent recurring seismic energy release from distinct structures such as slip on a fault patch. Repeaters are most commonly found on creeping plate boundary faults, where seismic patches are loaded by surrounding slow slip, and they can be used to track fault creep at depth. Their hosting environments also include volcanoes, subducted slabs, mining-induced fault structures,
Both aseismic and seismic slip accommodate relative motion across partially coupled plate-boundary faults. In northeastern Japan, aseismic slip occurs in the form of decelerating afterslip after large interplate earthquakes and as relatively steady slip on uncoupled areas of the subduction thrust. Here we report on a previously unrecognized quasi-periodic slow-slip behavior that is widespread in the megathrust zone. The repeat intervals of the slow slip range from 1 to 6 years and often coincide
Space‐time distribution of quasi‐static slip on the plate boundary off Sanriku, northeastern (NE) Japan, was estimated by using small repeating earthquakes. We found 2509 repeating earthquakes occurring on the plate boundary for the last 17 years. Based on the interpretation that these events are caused by repeating slips of small asperities surrounded by stable sliding area, we regarded these repeating events as creepmeters embedded on the plate boundary. The results show that deeper portions o
Repeating earthquakes (repeaters) that rupture the same fault area (patch) are interpreted to be caused by repeated accumulation and release of stress on the seismic patch in a creeping area. This relationship between repeaters with fault creep can be exploited for tracking the fault creep (slow slip) based on the repeaters’ activity. In other words, the repeaters can be used as creepmeters embedded on a fault. To do this, it is fundamentally important to select earthquakes that definitely re-ru
We have estimated the spatial distribution of interplate coupling in and around the source area for the 2011 Tohoku earthquake from small repeating earthquake data. The source area of the 2011 Tohoku earthquake exhibited a relatively high coupling coefficient (>0.5) for the period from 1993 to 2007 and was surrounded by areas of low coupling (<0.5) at its western (down-dip), northern and southern extents. These low-coupling areas probably prevented further propagation of the mainshock rupture. A
Abstract The 2011 Mw 9.0 Tohoku‐oki earthquake is one of the world's best‐recorded ruptures. In the aftermath of this devastating event, it is important to learn from the complete record. We describe the state of knowledge of the megathrust earthquake generation process before the earthquake, and what has been learned in the decade since the historic event. Prior to 2011, there were a number of studies suggesting the potential of a great megathrust earthquake in NE Japan from geodesy, geology, s
We determine the source parameters of a M4.9 ± 0.1 ‘characteristic earthquake’ sequence and its accompanying microearthquakes at ∼50 km depth on the subduction plate boundary offshore of Kamaishi, NE Japan. The microearthquakes tend to occur more frequently in the latter half of the recurrence intervals of the M4.9 ± 0.1 events. Our results show that the microearthquakes are repeating events and they are located not only around but also within the slip area for the 2001 M4.8 event. From the hier
GFJ was confirmed to significantly affect the pharmacokinetics of atorvastatin but had little or no effect on those of pravastatin in Japanese subjects.
This paper proposes a face recognition system that uses (i) passive stereo vision to capture three-dimensional (3D) facial information and (ii) 3D matching using a simple ICP (iterative closest point) algorithm. So far, the reported 3D face recognition techniques assume the use of active 3D measurement for 3D facial capture. However, active methods employ structured illumination (structure projection, phase shift, gray-code demodulation, etc.) or laser scanning, which is not desirable in many hu
Abstract We examined the temporal variation of the size of repeating earthquakes related to the 2011 Tohoku‐oki earthquake ( M 9.0) in the northeastern Japan subduction zone for the period from July 1984 to the end of 2011. The repeaters ( M 2.5–6.1) show postseismic magnitude increases for most sequences located in the area of large postseismic slip at the downdip extension of the M 9 source region. The magnitudes of the first events after the M 9 earthquake increased by an average of about 0.3
Thousands of offshore repeating earthquakes with low‐angle thrust focal mechanisms occur along the subduction plate boundary of NE Japan. Double‐difference relocation methods using P ‐ and S ‐wave arrivals reveal clusters of events above these repeating events. To assure good depth control we restrict our study to events that are close to seismic stations. These “supraslab” earthquake clusters are regional features at depths of 25 to 50 km, and most of these clusters are below the depth of the f
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