東京大学 · 物理学・天文学
清水信隆教授の研究室では、大型並列コンピュータを活用した大規模核殻模型計算の新規手法開発と、その応用を通じて、原子核の構造や崩壊メカニズムの解明を進めています。特に、モンテカルロ殻模型法(MCSM)の改良により、従来の固有値解法では到達できないスケールの計算が可能となり、軽い原子核のハーフ・スピン状態や、形状変化・混合対称状態、二重ベータ崩壊の行列要素など、極めて困難な物理現象の理解が進んでいます。また、核力の基本的性質を再現するab initio計算との統合も進めており、理論と実験の橋渡しを担う先端的研究が展開されています。
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We present a newly enhanced version of the Monte Carlo shell-model (MCSM) method by incor- porating the conjugate gradient method and energy-variance extrapolation. This new method enables us to perform large-scale shell-model calculations that the direct diagonalization method cannot reach. This new-generation framework of the MCSM provides us with a powerful tool to perform very advanced large-scale shell-model calculations on current massively parallel com- puters such as the K computer. We d
We study the double Gamow-Teller (DGT) strength distribution of ^{48}Ca with state-of-the-art large-scale nuclear shell model calculations. Our analysis shows that the centroid energy of the DGT giant resonance depends mostly on the isovector pairing interaction, while the resonance width is more sensitive to isoscalar pairing. Pairing correlations are also key in neutrinoless ββ (0νββ) decay. We find a simple relation between the centroid energy of the ^{48}Ca DGT giant resonance and the 0νββ d
The ground and low-lying states of neutron-rich exotic Te and Sn isotopes are studied in terms of the nuclear shell model by the same Hamiltonian used for the spherical-deformed shape phase transition of Ba isotopes, without any adjustment. An anomalously small value is obtained for $B(E2;{0}_{1}^{+}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{2}_{1}^{+})$ in $^{136}\mathrm{Te}$, consistent with a recent experiment. The levels of $^{136}\mathrm{Te}$ up to yrast ${12}^{+}$ are shown to be in agreement with observed
The transition from spherical to deformed shapes is studied in terms of large-scale shell-model calculations for Ba isotopes as a function of valence nucleon number with fixed single-particle space and Hamiltonian. A new version of the Monte Carlo shell model is introduced so as to incorporate pairing correlations efficiently, by utilizing condensed pair bases. The energy levels and electromagnetic matrix elements are described in agreement with experiments throughout the transitional region. Th
We propose an extrapolation method utilizing energy variance in the Monte Carlo shell model to estimate the energy eigenvalue and observables accurately. We derive a formula for the energy variance with deformed Slater determinants, which enables us to calculate the energy variance efficiently. The feasibility of the method is demonstrated for the full $\mathit{pf}$-shell calculation of $^{56}\mathrm{Ni}$, and the applicability of the method to a system beyond the current limit of exact diagonal
We present an overview of the advanced Monte Carlo shell model (MCSM), including its recent applications to no-core shell-model calculations and to large-scale shell-model calculations (LSSM) in the usual sense. For the ab initio no-core MCSM we show recent methodological developments, which include the evaluation of energy eigenvalues in an infinitely large model space by an extrapolation method. As an example of the application of the no-core MCSM, the cluster structure of Be isotopes is discu
We introduce a novel method to obtain level densities in large-scale shell-model calculations. Our method is a stochastic estimation of eigenvalue count based on a shifted Krylov-subspace method, which enables us to obtain level densities of huge Hamiltonian matrices. This framework leads to a successful description of both low-lying spectroscopy and the experimentally observed equilibration of J = 2 + and 2 -states in 58 Ni in a unified manner.
We discuss a variational calculation for nuclear shell-model calculations and propose a new procedure for the energy-variance extrapolation (EVE) method using a sequence of the approximated wave functions obtained by the variational calculation. The wave functions are described as linear combinations of the parity, angular-momentum projected Slater determinants, the energy of which is minimized by the conjugate gradient method obeying the variational principle. The EVE generally works well using
We propose a variational calculation scheme utilizing the superposition of the angular-momentum, parity, number projected quasiparticle vacua, that is especially suitable for applying to medium-heavy nuclei in shell-model calculations. We derive a formula for the energy variance with quasiparticle vacua and apply the energy-variance extrapolation to the present scheme for further precise estimation of the exact shell-model energy. The validity of the method is presented for the shell-model calcu
The generator coordinate method (GCM) combined with the projection method is applied to large-scale shell-model calculations. The quadrupole deformation is taken as a generator coordinate and the GCM basis states are prepared by the quadrupole-constrained Hartree-Fock Bogoliubov method with the variation after particle-number projection. The resultant GCM wave function is a linear combination of the angular-momentum and parity projected basis states. We discuss how well the present method approx
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