Ryo� Saito

The emetic response is primarily a protective reflex occurring in a wide variety of vertebrates in response to the ingestion of toxic compounds. The role of the nuclei in the brainstem, including the area postrema, nucleus tractus solitarius, the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus, and the central pattern generator for vomiting, as well as the involvement of the abdominal visceral innervation relevant to the emetic reflex, have all been discussed by many researchers. The introduction of serotonin

The 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) is associated with an increased risk for psychiatric disorders. Although most of the 22q11.2DS patients have a 3.0-Mb deletion, existing mouse models only mimic a minor mutation of 22q11.2DS, a 1.5-Mb deletion. The role of the genes existing outside the 1.5-Mb deletion in psychiatric symptoms of 22q11.2DS is unclear. In this study, we generated a mouse model that reproduced the 3.0-Mb deletion of the 22q11.2DS (Del(3.0 Mb)/ +) using the CRISPR/Cas9 syste

These findings suggest that Elovl6 in macrophages may contribute to foam cell formation and progression of atherosclerosis.

HCC is likely to recur, and the characteristics of recurrent HCC are distinct from those of primary HCC. To improve post-recurrence poor prognosis, new and more feasible algorithms, such as aggressive surgical treatment for cases with less than three recurrent tumors, which were revealed in the current study, are needed.

Tumor necrosis factor alpha and beta are polypeptide cytokines with a wide range of metabolic, immunologic, and inflammatory activities. TNF is known to participate in immune mediated injury of native lungs, but a role for TNF in mediating lung allograft rejection (AR) has not been established. In experiments reported here, we assessed the role of TNF in mediating lung AR in a rat model of lung transplantation (BN-->Lew) (RT1n-->RT1l). This model shows florid AR with all grafts completely destro

In this study, we aimed to analyse human cancer cell-platelet interactions in functional cell analyses and explore the molecular mechanisms behind tumour progression. Various functional analyses of gastric cancer (GC) cells were performed after direct/indirect co-incubation with platelets derived from GC patients. Further detailed expression and signalling analyses were performed after co-culture with direct and indirect GC cells-platelet contact. Malignant behaviours of cancer cells, such as pr

A survey of the smoking habits of 3,025 couples, whose infants were receiving medical examinations, was conducted before and after pregnancy to determine the effect of smoking patterns of the parents on the newborn infant. Of the husbands 55.2% were smoking before pregnancy; 53.4% during pregnancy; and 51.8% after delivery. During pregnancy proportion of smokers decreased by only 1.8%. The percentages for wives, on the other hand, were 13.9%, 4.4%, and 5.3% respectively showing a reduction of 9.

Meningioma is the most common primary brain tumor in cats, although there are few reports about their pathological features. To investigate the histopathological subtypes and immunohistochemical features including expression of cytokeratin and cell adhesion molecules, 45 cases of feline meningioma were examined. The mean age was 12.5 years (range 6-21 years). No statistically significant sex predilection was observed. Regarding the anatomical location of meningioma, tumors mostly developed in th