東京大学 · 医学
Shotaro Aso教授の研究室は、救急・集中治療分野における予後予測と治療戦略の最適化を目的としており、特に人工膜型人工心肺（VA-ECMO）や新生児・成人の呼吸不全に対する治療介入の有効性を、全国規模の医療データベースを活用して検証しています。特に、心原性ショックや心停止に伴うECMOの成績や、インラウトバルーンポンプ併用の意義、および新生児・成人の急性呼吸不全に対する薬剤（例：シクロスポリシンA）の効果についての疫学的・統計的アプローチが特徴です。また、因果推論手法（例：工具変数法）を用いたバイアス補正分析の応用にも注力しています。
Figures are computed from collected data and may differ slightly.
The present nationwide study showed high mortality rates in patients who received VA-ECMO, and in particular in patients with cardiogenic shock and in patients with cardiac arrest. Weaning from VA-ECMO did not necessarily result in survival. Further studies are warranted to clarify risk-adjusted mortality of VA-ECMO using more detailed data on patient background.
In a national inpatient database, intraaortic balloon pumping combined with venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation was associated with improved mortality and successful weaning from venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Randomized controlled studies are required to confirm the mortality-reducing effect of intraaortic balloon pumping combined with venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.
Therapeutic/care management, level III.
Cyclosporine A did not reduce in-hospital mortality in patients with AE-IPF. Randomised controlled studies are required to confirm this apparent lack of effect of cyclosporine A in AE-IPF.
In theory, instrumental variable (IV) analysis, like randomized controlled trials, can adjust for measured and unmeasured confounders. IVs need to meet the following three conditions: (i) they are associated with treatment assignment; (ii) they have no direct association with the outcome and are associated with the outcome exclusively through the treatment; and (iii) they are not associated with any of the measured confounders. Studies have presented several types of IV, including preferences of
Background: Dexmedetomidine has a mild sedative effect and may reduce mortality in mechanically ventilated critically ill patients. However, few studies have examined the effects of dexmedetomidine in patients with sepsis who require mechanical ventilation. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between dexmedetomidine and mortality in patients with sepsis requiring mechanical ventilation, using a nationwide inpatient database in Japan. Methods: Using the Diagnosis Procedure Co
In a Japanese inpatient database study analyzing outcomes from patients with acute exacerbation idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis receiving systemic glucocorticoids, the addition of cyclophosphamide was not associated with improved in-hospital mortality and ventilator-free days.
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