Yasuko Tatewaki

Recently, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been reported to be strongly associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). This is partly due to insulin resistance in the brain. Insulin signaling and the number of insulin receptors may decline in the brain of T2DM patients, resulting in impaired synaptic formation, neuronal plasticity, and mitochondrial metabolism. In AD patients, hypometabolism of glucose in the brain is observed before the onset of symptoms. Amyloid-β accumulation, a main pathology

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative disease and a major contributor to progressive cognitive impairment in an aging society. As the pathophysiology of AD involves chronic neuroinflammation, the resolution of inflammation and the group of lipid mediators that actively regulate it-i.e., specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPMs)-attracted attention in recent years as therapeutic targets. This review focuses on the following three specific SPMs and summarizes their relation

Silicone oil is an important adjunct for intraocular tamponade in treating retinal detachment. We report a case in which image findings suggested migration and intracranial accumulation of intraocular silicone. We detected silicone oil in the lateral ventricle that showed hyperdensity on computed tomography, slight hyperintensity on T1-weighted magnetic resonance images, and slight hypointensity on T2-weighted images. Applied silicone-selective imaging and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy

Elongated axial length of the eye increases the morbidity of glaucoma. Myopia also associates with elongated axial length, and such ellipsoid shape of the eyeball strongly contributes its pathogenesis. Morphological features of the eyeballs, which could be important factors for developing glaucoma, have not been well described. The aim of this study was to investigate the three-dimensional (3D) topographic features of glaucomatous eyeballs with/without myopia to evaluate the potential of those f

Reports on the MRI findings of cerebral corticosubcortical lesions in osmotic myelinolysis (OM) are rare despite several pathological descriptions of this involvement. We report two patients with subcortical lesions associated with OM that were characteristically distributed along the crowns and sides of the cerebral gyri on T(2) weighted or fluid-attenuated inversion-recovery MRI. We also discuss the MRI characteristics of corticosubcortical lesions in OM.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) predisposes patients to develop cognitive decline and dementia. Clinical and epidemiological data propose that catheter ablation may provide further benefit to improve neurocognitive function in patients with AF, but the underlying mechanism is poorly available. Here, we conducted a pilot prospective study to investigate whether AF ablation can alter regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and brain microstructures, using multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique

Background: Decreased bone mineral density (BMD) was associated with poorer cognitive function and increased risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, objective evidence for the relationship between osteoporosis and AD in humans has not been extensively described. Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the relationships between BMD and the cortical volumes of brain regions vulnerable to AD; hippocampus, parahippocampal gyrus, precuneus, posterior cingulate, and angular gyrus, using voxel-based morpho

MTV3.5 by absolute threshold on pre-treatment FDG-PET/CT was the best independent prognostic predictor in resectable PDAC compared with other absolute threshold values and relative threshold values.

Thus, QUASAR reliability for regional perfusion is high within gray matter, but uncertain within white matter.

BACKGROUND The optic radiation (OR) is a white-matter bundle connecting the lateral geniculate body and the visual cortex. Phase difference-enhanced imaging (PADRE) is a new MRI technique that is able to achieve precise delineation of the OR. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of age on the volume and signal intensity of the OR using PADRE, and to establish a volumetric reference of the OR from a healthy population, compared with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). MATERIAL AND METH