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The proton-induced nonionizing energy loss (NIEL) for representative device materials are presented for the energy range between the displacement damage threshold to 1 GeV. All interaction mechanisms (Coulomb and nuclear elastic/nonelastic) are fully accounted for in the present NIEL calculations. For Coulomb interactions, the Ziegler-Biersack-Littmark (ZBL) screened potential was used in the lower energy range (<50 MeV) and the relativistic formulation was used in the higher energy range (/spl

MCNPX, a powerful Monte Carlo charged particle transport code, is introduced in this paper for space-radiation effect applications. By using MCNPX version 2.1.5, the enhancement of the total dose and the displacement damage due to secondary particles generated by the protons in the typical space radiation environments was assessed, then the results were compared to those obtained by the continuous slowing down approximation (CSDA) method. The comparison showed that the effects of the secondary p

The electron induced nonionizing energy loss (NIEL) for representative device and detector materials are presented here. The electron NIELs are computed analytically using the Mott differential cross section. As for the partition function, which describes the portion of energy deposited into displacing lattice atoms, the expression recently developed by Akkerman was used that better fits for the low recoil energy.

An internal charging code, which is called NUMerical InTegration, has been used on many occasions to study the charging and discharging characteristics of dielectrics in space. The capabilities and limitations of the code are reviewed in this paper. In particular, the basic assumptions of the model are briefly discussed, and an example for the internal charging in the Juno environment is presented.

Abstract The Dynamic Albedo of Neutrons (DAN) instrument on board Mars Science Laboratory has been operating successfully since the landing and has been making measurements regularly along Curiosity's traverse at the surface. DAN measures thermal ( E &lt; 0.4 eV) and epithermal neutrons (0.4 eV &lt; E &lt; ~1 keV) while operating in two different modes: active and passive. The active mode uses a pulsed neutron generator (PNG) to study the geological characteristics of the subsurface. In the pass

The particle data measured by the energetic particle detector (EPD) and heavy ion counter (HIC) on board Galileo were used to update the radiation environments at Jupiter: EPD data for trapped electrons and HIC data for trapped carbon, oxygen, and sulfur ions. The models developed in this study were successfully used to generate the total dose and single event effect environments for a sample mission to Europa.

The 'Van Allen belts' of the trapped energetic particles in the Earth's magnetosphere were discovered by the Explorer I satellite in 1958. In addition, in 1959, it was observed that UHF radio emissions from Jupiter probably had a similar source--the Jovian radiation belts. In this paper, the global characteristics of these two planets' trapped radiation environments and respective magnetospheres are compared and state-of-the-art models used to generate estimates of the high-energy electron (> or

A method previously developed for proton nonionizing energy loss (NIEL) calculations was extended to alpha particles. The alpha particle NIELs for representative device materials are presented from the damage threshold energy to 1GeV/n. The method used the Ziegler, Biersack, Littmark (ZBL) screened potential for Coulomb interactions and the MCNPX "thin target approximation" for nuclear interactions. The alpha NIEL obtained in this study was compared to the proton NIEL from the previous study. It

Space radiation affects every aspect of spacecraft design and operation. As a part of the ISWAT (International Space Weather Actions Teams, http://iswat-cospar.org/) effort, this paper provides a comprehensive review of space radiation environment models that are commonly used by the spacecraft design community to estimate radiation effects on systems/components. The types of radiation effects discussed in this paper are total dose (both for ionizing and for non-ionizing), single event effects (

High-energy, trapped electron and proton environments around the outer planets can pose a serious threat to spacecraft operations. For example, high-energy electrons are a critical source for a phenomenon called internal electrostatic discharge (IESD) which is believed to be the number one cause of spacecraft anomalies in the space radiation environment. Several missions are being considered by NASA that will go to the outer planets (Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune). Indeed, NASA currently