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Organic electrochemical transistors that employ polymeric mixed conductors as their active channels are one of the most prominent biosensor platforms because of their signal amplification capability, low fabrication cost, mechanical flexibility, and various properties tunable through molecular design. For application to biomedical devices, polymeric mixed conductors should fulfill several requirements, such as excellent conductivities of both holes/electrons and ions, long-term operation stabili

One-dimensional (1D) yarn or fiber-based supercapacitors that have small diameter, volume and high mechanical strength are needed due to the demands on power source for wearable electronics, micro-devices, and implantable medical devices. The composite sheath is fabricated on a commercially available CNT yarn substrate by alternating depositions of MnO₂ and Ag layers. Synergistic effect of high loading level of pseudocapacitive MnO₂ and reasonably improved rate-capability a

Despite the importance of structure and properties in organic mixed conductors, there exist very few material systems where the effects of relative crystallinity, crystallite size, and doping concentration could be effectively decoupled, while the resultant organic electrochemical transistors exhibit excellent device performance and stability. The film crystallinity and doping concentration could be independently controlled by adjusting the stoichiometry of the connector versus the pyrrole monom

Despite the growing interest in dynamic behaviors at the frequency domain, there exist very few studies on molecular orientation-dependent transient responses of organic mixed ionic-electronic conductors. In this research, we investigated the effect of ion injection directionality on transient electrochemical transistor behaviors by developing a model mixed conductor system. Two polymers with similar electrical, ionic, and electrochemical characteristics but distinct backbone planarities and mol

SeS₂ positive electrodes are promising components for the development of high-energy, non-aqueous lithium sulfur batteries. However, the (electro)chemical and structural evolution of this class of positive electrodes is not yet fully understood. Here, we use operando physicochemical measurements to elucidate the dissolution and deposition processes in the SeS₂ positive electrodes during lithium sulfur cell charge and discharge. Our analysis of real-time imaging reveals the

In various efforts to assure safety and serviceability of a bridge structure throughout its lifetime, it is essential to accurately estimate the traffic load effects. Although traffic loads involve large uncertainties and can vary significantly with site-specific traffic environments, bridge design codes and maintenance strategies do not utilize a probabilistic model that can reflect the actual environments and uncertainties of the target bridge. Rapid developments of weigh-in-motion (WIM) techn

A highly efficient planar heterojunction OSC based on zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc)/fullerene (C60) by controlling the orientation of the ZnPc by using copper iodide (CuI) as the interfacial layer is reported. The proportion of face-on ZnPc molecules was increased significantly on the CuI layer compared to the layer without the CuI layer, which was analyzed with wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS) and optical absorption. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the orientation controlled planar hete

Abstract The electrical conductivity of ternary composites composed of a biopolymer blend with conductive particles (carbon black [CB]) is induced by the control of particle dispersion in the dispersed phase. If the CB particles have higher chemical affinity for the secondary phase (poly(caprolactone) [PCL]]) than the matrix (poly(lactic acid) [PLA]), especially as the concentration of the PCL phase decreases significantly to 4 wt%, the PCL phase induces the aggregation of CB particles beyond th

Abstract Despite possible toxicity issues, chemical reduction or non-polarizable electrodes incorporated with highly reactive chemical species have been utilized to control the operational characteristics of organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) for bioelectronic interfacing applications. In this study, we demonstrate that crosslinking between highly conductive poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) and biocompatible nonconductive polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) effecti

Abstract With the aim of elucidating a detailed mechanism for the oxidation behavior in submicron Cu particles coated with a thin Ag layer, the dewetting of Ag and the oxidation behavior of Cu in Ag-coated Cu films upon heating were investigated with a focused ion beam transmission electron microscopy technique. A slight dewetting of the Ag layer began at approximately 200 °C and aggregates of Cu 2 O particles were formed on the Ag layer, indicating that the initial Cu 2 O phase was formed on th

The use of elemental doping in lithium cobalt oxide (LCO) cathode material at high cutoff voltage is a widely adopted technique in the field of rechargeable batteries to mitigate multiple unfavorable phase transitions. However, there is still a lack of fundamental understanding regarding the rationality of each doping element implemented in this method, specifically considering the various thermodynamic stability and phase transitions. Herein, we investigated the effect of Ti doping on an O2 pha

A ternary composite of poly(lactic acid) (PLA), poly(caprolactone) (PCL), and carbon black (CB) shows the PCL-induced CB self-aggregation and percolation formation when the amount of the PCL phase as the secondary phase is as small as the amount of CB. Furthermore, when the drop size of the PCL phase becomes smaller, the ternary composite forms a percolation of high order structure, resulting in a remarkable enhancement of the electrical conductivity (~4 × 10^-2 S/m with 4 wt.% CB). To

Optically programmable organic field-effect transistors, developed using vacuum-deposited metal nanoparticles, enhance photocarrier generation and act as charge trapping centers, modulating charge retention.