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All types of polymer-based MEAs, including silicone/platinum, polyimide/gold, and LCP/gold MEAs, meet the criteria of biocompatibility guided by international standards, ISO 10993-5.

The computerized OKN test could serve as an objective and reliable tool for assessing distance visual acuity.

Blood pressure (BP) is a physiological parameter reflecting hemodynamic factors and is crucial in evaluating cardiovascular disease and its prognosis. In the present study, the reliability of a non-invasive and continuous BP measurement using a three-axis tactile force sensor was verified. All the data were collected every 2 min for the short-term experiment, and every 10 min for the long-term experiment. In addition, the effects on the BP measurement of external physical factors such as the ten

This study shows that an objective VA test using OKN responses can be effective in predicting real VA and detecting VA of >20/200.

In nature, arthropods have evolved to utilize a multiaperture vision system with a micro-optical structure which has advantages, such as compact size and wide-angle view, compared to that of a single-aperture vision system. In this paper, we present a multiaperture imaging system using a microlens array fabricated by a patterned-layer integrating soft lithography (PLISL) process which is based on a molding technique that can transfer three-dimensional structures and a gold screening layer simult

Vision rehabilitation in the blind seems to be the ultimate goal of ophthalmologic treatments. Among the several different approaches, electrical retinal stimulation showed the most promising results for restoring vision. Microelectrode arrays based on a flexible polymer developed and used for pattern electrical retinal stimulation, and epiretinal, subretinal and suprachoroidal approaches are adopted for the surgical implantation of electrodes. Stimulation patterns can be provided from an extern

Silicon-micromachined retinal tacks were developed for the xation of the epiretinal-type retina-stimulating microelectrodearray. Silicon retinal tacks were fabricated by using the silicon on insulator (SOI) process, a method of releasing silicon structuresin a SOI wafer. The dimensions of the retinal tack were substantially smaller than those of the conventional titanium tack, at 1.5 mmlong, 150l m wide, and 150l m thick. To enhance the durability and biocompatibility of the retinal tack, 3l m-t

In this paper, a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) fabrication method is introduced. It eliminates the need for conventional fabrication methods, such as photolithography and etching. Only a series of oxygen plasma treatments, silanization, and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) adhesive stencils were used to develop multi-layer designs. The fabrication method was applied to fabricate a PDMS-based drug delivery device with an actively controllable, magnetically actuated valve. Above all, this fabrication method

Photoreceptor loss as a result of retinal degenerative diseases, such as age-related macular degeneration and retinitis pigmentosa is a leading cause of blindness in adult (1). Despite a near-total loss of the photoreceptors, the inner nuclear and ganglion cell layers survive at fairly high rates in the patients with retinitis pigmentosa (2) and age-related macular degeneration (3). Retinal prostheses have great potential in alleviating the problems and disabilities produced by these diseases. T

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This study presents successful implantation of LCP-based retinal prosthesis. The technical solutions will permit an optimization of surgical techniques.