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ADAM10, a member of a disintegrin and metalloprotease family, is an alpha-secretase capable of anti-amyloidogenic proteolysis of the amyloid precursor protein. Here, we present evidence for genetic association of ADAM10 with Alzheimer's disease (AD) as well as two rare potentially disease-associated non-synonymous mutations, Q170H and R181G, in the ADAM10 prodomain. These mutations were found in 11 of 16 affected individuals (average onset age 69.5 years) from seven late-onset AD families. Each

BACKGROUND: In humans, persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are stored primarily in adipose tissue. Their total body burden and their contribution to obesity-associated diseases remain unclear. OBJECTIVES: We characterized POP total body burden and their redistribution in obese individuals before and after drastic weight loss and compared these values with a variety of molecular, biological, and clinical parameters. METHODS: Seventy-one obese subjects were enrolled and underwent bariatric surger

Both in vitro and in vivo studies showed that adipose cells were targets of AhR ligands and suggest that inflammation is one of the main regulated pathways. These observations suggest a possible contribution of pollutants to low-grade AT inflammation that accompanies the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases.

Abstract: In the manufacture of plastic containers, various materials such as additives (for example, plasticizers, stabilizers, antioxidants), polymers (for example, polystyrene [PS], polycarbonate [PC], polyvinyl chloride [PVC]) are widely used. Endocrine disrupting chemicals [EDCs] can migrate as residual monomers (for example, styrene for PS or bisphenol A [BPA] for PC) presented in polymers, as additives (for example, phthalates for PVC) used in polymer manufacturing, and/or as contaminants

Insulin-resistant lipodystrophic HIV-infected patients may develop NASH. Steatosis is associated with overexpression of SREBP-1 and fibrosis with decreased expression of PPARgamma1 and PPARgamma2. These results suggest that altered expression of SREBP-1 and PPARgamma could contribute to the pathogenesis of steatosis and fibronecrotic changes in insulin-resistant lipodystrophic patients.

Epithelial cells are polarized, with an apical surface facing a lumen or outer surface and a basolateral surface facing other cells and extracellular matrix (ECM). Hallmarks of epithelial carcinogenesis include loss of polarity, as well as uncontrolled proliferation and resistance to apoptosis. Are these features controlled by a common molecular mechanism? The partitioning-defective 3 (PAR3)-PAR6-atypical PKC (aPKC) complex is a master regulator that controls polarization in many animal cells. H

Wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) is proposed to be a point source of microplastics (MPs) that enter aquatic environments. Here, we quantified and characterized MPs down to 20 µm at a tertiary WWTP in Korea over a 1-year period. All wastewater contained MPs during the monitoring period, with concentrations ranging from 114 ± 17-216 ± 65 particles/L for influent and from 0.26 ± 0.29-0.48 ± 0.11 particles/L for effluent. MP abundance in the influents showed significant seasonal differences whereas

This study assesses the impact of character-audience similarity, a core aspect of tailored communication, on evaluation of antismoking public service announcements (PSAs). Smoker and persuader characters are distinguished to explore their different roles in message effectiveness. Daily adult smokers (n = 1,160) were exposed to four video PSAs randomly selected from a larger pool. Similarity scores were determined from matching in demographic (age, gender, race) and motivational factors (quitting

Heat-not-burn tobacco products include electric devices that heat modified cigarettes to produce an aerosol for inhalation without causing combustion.1–3 In line with recent tobacco industry effort to diversify their product portfolio,4 various new heat-not-burn devices have been introduced since 2014 in selected markets such as the UK, Italy and Japan—including Philip Morris International (PMI)’s IQOS i.1 5 Industry analysts predict that heat-not-burn products will absorb 30% of the US regular

Dry eye disease (DED) is a multifactorial disease that manifests in patients with a variety of symptoms and signs such as ocular pain, visual issues, rapid tear evaporation and/or decreased tear production. It is a global health problem and is the leading cause of optometry and ophthalmology clinic visits. The mainstay therapy for DED is artificial tears (ATs), which mimics tears and improves tear stability and properties. ATs have been found to improve symptoms and signs of disease in all DED s

본 연구는 인공지능 챗봇의 교육적 활용 연구 동향을 체계적으로 분석하여 현재의 이슈를 파악하고 향후 방향성을 탐색하기 위하여 활동이론에 기반하여 관련 연구 동향을 분석하고자 하였다. 활동체제모형을 분석 틀로 사용하여 34개 논문을 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1) 챗봇 관련 연구는 국내와 국외 모두 2019년부터 급증한 것으로 나타났다. 2) 학습자는 국내와 국외 모두 대학생 이상이 가장 많았고, 3) 표집 크기는 국내는 50명 이하, 국외는 100명을 초과한 경우가 가장 많았다. 인공지능 챗봇은 국내와 국외 모두 4) 목적형 시스템 5) 문자 6) 학습도구로 사용되는 경우가 가장 많았다. 또한, 7) 국내는 기존 챗봇을, 국외는 자체 개발한 경우가 가장 많았다. 국내와 국외 모두 8) 영어와 9) 지적기능을 학습 목표로 설정하여 챗봇을 활용한 경우가 가장 많았으며, 10) 학습 결과로 국내는 인지 및 정의적 영역을, 국외는 정의적 영역을 가장 많이 확인하였다. 11) 챗봇 사용 횟

The digital intraoral scanner may not be used as the primary method of color selection in clinical practices, considering significant differences in color parameters with colorimeter. The scanner's capability in shade selection should be further evaluated.