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Phosphofructokinase 1 (PFK1) plays a critical role in glycolysis; however, its role and regulation in tumorigenesis are not well understood. Here, we demonstrate that PFK1 platelet isoform (PFKP) is the predominant PFK1 isoform in human glioblastoma cells and its expression correlates with total PFK activity. We show that PFKP is overexpressed in human glioblastoma specimens due to an increased stability, which is induced by AKT activation resulting from phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN) l

Strategies are presented for achieving, simultaneously, both large areal coverage and high stretchability by using elastomeric substrates with surface relief in geometries that confine strains at the locations of the interconnections, and away from the devices. The studies involve a combination of theory and experiment to reveal the essential mechanics, and include demonstrations of the ideas in stretchable solar modules that use ultrathin, single junction GaAs solar cells.

Recently, graphene-based nanomaterials, in the form of two dimensional substrates or three dimensional foams, have attracted considerable attention as bioactive scaffolds to promote the differentiation of various stem cells towards specific lineages. On the other hand, the potential advantages of using graphene-based hybrid composites directly as factors inducing cellular differentiation as well as tissue regeneration are unclear. This study examined whether nanocomposites of reduced graphene ox

Reduced graphene oxide-coated hydroxyapatite (rGO-coated HAp) composites stimulated the spontaneous osteogenesis in human mesenchymal stem cells in the absence of osteoinductive agents.

Arrays of angled microfibers with a gecko-inspired structure were fabricated from a stiff thermoplastic polymer (polypropylene) with elastic properties similar to those of β-keratin of natural setae. Friction experiments demonstrated that this fibrillar polymer surface exhibits directional adhesion. Sliding of clean glass surfaces against and along the microfiber direction without applying an external normal force produced an apparent shear stress of 0.1 and 4.5 N/cm2, respectively. This directi

A subdermally implantable flexible photovoltatic (IPV) device is proposed for supplying sustainable electric power to in vivo medical implants. Electric properties of the implanted IPV device are characterized in live animal models. Feasibility of this strategy is demonstrated by operating a flexible pacemaker with the subdermal IPV device which generates DC electric power of ≈647 μW under the skin.

Natural gecko toes covered by nanomicro structures can repeatedly adhere to surfaces without collecting dirt. Inspired by geckos, we fabricated a high-aspect-ratio fibrillar adhesive from a stiff polymer and demonstrated self-cleaning of the adhesive during contact with a surface. In contrast to a conventional pressure-sensitive adhesive (PSA), the contaminated synthetic fibrillar adhesive recovered about 33% of the shear adhesion of clean samples after multiple contacts with a clean, dry surfac

Amplification of the chemokines CXCL10 and RANKL has been suggested to promote osteoclast differentiation and osteolytic bone metastasis, but a function for endogenous CXCL10 in these processes is not well established. In this study, we show that endogenous CXCL10 is critical to recruit cancer cells to bone, support osteoclast differentiation and promote for the formation of osteolytic bone metastases. Neutralizing CXCL10 antibody reduced migration of cancer cells expressing the CXCL10 receptor

Notched islands on a thin elastomeric substrate serve as a platform for dual-junction GaInP/GaAs solar cells with microscale dimensions and ultrathin forms for stretchable photovoltaic modules. These designs allow for a high degree of stretchability and areal coverage, and they provide a natural form of strain-limiting behavior, helping to avoid destructive effects of extreme deformations. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such document

Gecko-inspired microfibre arrays with 42 million polypropylene fibres cm(-2) (each fibre with elastic modulus 1 GPa, length 20 microm and diameter 0.6 microm) were fabricated and tested under pure shear loading conditions, after removing a preload of less than 0.1 N cm(-2). After sliding to engage fibres, 2 cm2 patches developed up to 4N of shear force with an estimated contact region of 0.44 cm2. The control unfibrillated surface had no measurable shear force. For comparison, a natural setal pa