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The Committee of Clinical Practice Guidelines of the Korean Diabetes Association revised and updated the 6th Clinical Practice Guidelines in 2019. Targets of glycemic, blood pressure, and lipid control in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were updated. The obese and overweight population is increasing steadily in Korea, and half of the Koreans with diabetes are obese. Evidence-based recommendations for weight-loss therapy for obesity management as treatment for hyperglycemia in T2DM were provided.

Background The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence, management, and comorbidities of diabetes among Korean adults aged 30 years and older. Methods This study used 2013 to 2016 data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a nationally-representative survey of the Korean population. Diabetes was defined as fasting glucose ≥126 mg/dL, current use of antidiabetic medication, a previous history of diabetes, or glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) ≥6.5%. Resul

Bisphenol A (BPA) has been reported to possess hepatic toxicity. We investigated the hypothesis that BPA, below the no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL), can induce hepatic damage and mitochondrial dysfunction by increasing oxidative stress in the liver. Two doses of BPA, 0.05 and 1.2 mg/kg body weight/day, were administered intraperitoneally for 5 days to mice. Both treatments impaired the structure of the hepatic mitochondria, although oxygen consumption rate and expression of the respirat

Background: The study aimed to investigate the influence of hyperglycemia on muscle quality in older men with type 2 diabetes. Methods: This was a subsidiary study of the Korean Longitudinal Study of Health and Aging. Among 326 older men consenting to tests of body composition and muscle strength, 269 men were ultimately analyzed after the exclusion because of stroke (n=30) and uncertainty about the diagnosis of diabetes (n=27). Body composition was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometr

연구배경: 1998년과 2001년 시행된 국민건강영양조사 결과를 토대로 한국에서의 대사증후군의 유병률의 변화 및 대사증후군을 구성하는 각 항목의 특징에 대해서 살펴보고자 하였다. 방법: 1998년 및 2001년 국민건강영양조사를 시행한 한국인 중 20세 이상의 성인 6,907명과 4,536명이 각각 연구에 참여하였다. 다단계 층화 표본 추출법을 사용하여 대상을 추출하였으며, NCEP-ATP III 정의를 이용하여 대사 증후군을 정의하였다. 결과: 연령을 보정한 대사 증후군의 유병률은 1998년 조사의 22.5%에 비해 2001년에는 24.1%로 유의하게 증가하였다 (P < 0.01). 대사 증후군의 구성 요소 중 저HDL-콜레스테롤혈증의 유병률이 3년 간 가장 큰 폭으로 상승했으며 (32.6%) 고중성지방혈증은 15.9%, 복부비만은 4.3% 상승했다. 반면 고혈압과 고혈당의 유병률은 각각 37.1%에서 33.1%, 18.9%에서 15.4%로 감소하였다 (P < 0.01). 결론:

Abdominal fat accumulation is known to be strongly implicated in development of metabolic syndrome (MetS). We examined diagnostic values of obesity-related parameters in 95 men and 185 women, and we determined optimal cutoff values of visceral fat area (VFA) and waist circumference (WC) for predicting the presence of multiple non-adipose components of MetS. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis revealed that VFA was the best indicator of MetS. WC and VFA exhibited similar diagno

Ethnically specific data on genetic variation are crucial for understanding human biology and for clinical interpretation of variant pathogenicity. We analyzed data obtained by deep sequencing 1303 Korean whole exomes; the data were generated by three independent whole exome sequencing projects (named the KOEX study). The primary focus of this study was to comprehensively analyze the variant statistics, investigate secondary findings that may have clinical actionability, and identify loci that s

Sarcopenia, the age-related decline in muscle mass, affects the muscle strength and muscle quality, and these changes decrease functional capacity. The prevalence of thyroid dysfunction increases with age, and changes in thyroid hormone level lead to neuromuscular deficits. We investigated the effects of subclinical hypothyroidism on the muscle mass, strength or quality in elderly people. One thousand one hundred eighteen subjects aged ≥65 yr were randomly selected from a local population and cl

The pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is closely associated with mitochondrial functions in insulinresponsive tissues. The mitochondrial proteome, compared with the mitochondrial genome, which only contains 37 genes in humans, can provide more comprehensive information for thousands of mitochondrial proteins regarding T2DM-associated mitochondrial functions. However, T2DM-associated protein signatures in insulin-responsive tissues are still unclear. Here, we performed extensive pro

It has been recently reported that a considerable portion of diabetic patients with renal insufficiency show normoalbuminuria. As little is known about normoalbuminuric renal insufficiency in the Asian population, we examined its prevalence and clinical characteristics in Korean type 2 diabetic patients. We studied 562 patients with type 2 diabetes from Seoul National University Hospital. The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated by the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease

Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is a common complexmetabolic disorder that has a strong genetic component. Recent advances in genome-wide association studies haverevolutionized our knowledge regarding the genetics ofT2DM. There are at least 64 common genetic variants thatare strongly associated with T2DM. However, the pathophysiologicroles of these variants are mostly unknown andrequire further functional characterization. The variantsidentified so far have a small effect size and their addedeffect expla

Background: Panax ginseng has glucose-lowering effects, some of which are associated with the improvement in insulin resistance in skeletal muscle. Because mitochondria play a pivotal role in the insulin resistance of skeletal muscle, we investigated the effects of the ginsenoside Rg3, one of the active components of P. ginseng, on mitochondrial function and biogenesis in C2C12 myotubes. Methods: C2C12 myotubes were treated with Rg3 for 24 hours. Insulin signaling pathway proteins were examined

Background: Chronic exposure to elevated levels of free fatty acids contributes to pancreatic β-cell dysfunction. Although it is well known that metformin induces cellular energy depletion and a concomitant activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) through inhibition of the respiratory chain, previous studies have shown inconsistent results with regard to the action of metformin on pancreatic β-cells. We therefore examined the effects of metformin on pancreatic β-cells under lipotoxic st

Background: We developed a patient-centered, smartphone-based, diabetes care system (PSDCS). This study aims to test the feasibility of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) reduction with the PSDCS. Methods: This study was a single-arm pilot study. The participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus were instructed to use the PSDCS, which integrates a Bluetooth-connected glucometer, digital food diary, and wearable physical activity monitoring device. The primary end point was the change in HbA1c from bas