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A mounting body of evidence in cancer research suggests that the local microenvironment of tumor cells has a profound influence on cancer progression and metastasis. In vitro studies on the tumor microenvironment and its pharmacological modulation, however, are often hampered by the technical challenges associated with creating physiological cell culture environments that integrate cancer cells with the key components of their native niche such as neighboring cells and extracellular matrix (ECM)

Magnetische, fluoreszierende Kern-Schale-Nanopartikel, die aus einem Fe3O4-Nanokristallkern und einer farbstoffdotierten mesoporösen Kieselgelhülle mit Polyethylenglycol-Beschichtung bestehen (siehe TEM-Bilder und schematische Darstellung), können als Magnetresonanz- und fluoreszierende Imaging-Agentien sowie zum Wirkstofftransport eingesetzt werden, was sie zu neuartigen Kandidaten für eine simultane Krebsdiagnose und -therapie macht. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are publi

The strain index based on the fat to lesion strain ratio has diagnostic performance comparable with that of B-mode sonography for differentiation of benign and malignant breast masses.

After breast conservation therapy in women 50 years or younger, the addition of MRI to annual mammography screening improves detection of early-stage but biologically aggressive breast cancers at acceptable specificity. Results from this study can inform patient decision making on screening methods after breast conservation therapy.

Bilateral whole-breast US complements mammography in the preoperative evaluation of patients with breast cancer.

Crosstalk between breast cancer and macrophages has potential implications for tumor metastasis. This study investigates macrophage polarization induced by triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell-derived exosomes that promote lymph node (LN) metastasis in orthotopic TNBC models. The MDA-MB-231 cancer cell line expressing the exosomal CD63-red fluorescence (RFP) fusion protein was generated to noninvasively visualize exosome transfer into cancer cells and macrophages. Administration of RFP-tagg

Tuberculosis of the head and neck can involve the cervical lymph nodes, larynx, temporal bone, sinonasal cavity, eye, pharynx, thyroid gland, and skull base. Although computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging can accurately demonstrate the sites, pattern, and extent of the disease, both modalities have limitations in the evaluation of head and neck tuberculosis. Imaging and clinical features of head and neck tuberculosis are often varied and nonspecific and frequently mistaken

Little is known about the ultrasonographic (US) features of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) of the breast because this entity usually manifests as pure mammographic calcifications and is rarely evaluated with US. US findings were recorded in 70 patients with DCIS and then analyzed and correlated with mammographic and histologic findings. A microlobulated mass with mild hypoechogenicity, ductal extension, and normal acoustic transmission was the most common US finding in DCIS. Spiculated margins,

Fluorescence optical imaging technologies are currently being developed to image specific molecular targets in vivo. Detection technologies range from those providing microscopic detail to whole body imaging systems with potential clinical use. A number of target-specific near-infrared imaging probes have recently been developed to image receptors, antigens, and enzymes. The goal of the current study was to evaluate a new near-infrared (NIR) folate receptor (FR)-targeted imaging probe for its ab

Automated whole breast ultrasound (ABUS) is an emerging screening tool for detecting breast abnormalities. In this study, a computer-aided detection (CADe) system based on multi-scale blob detection was developed for analyzing ABUS images. The performance of the proposed CADe system was tested using a database composed of 136 breast lesions (58 benign lesions and 78 malignant lesions) and 37 normal cases. After speckle noise reduction, Hessian analysis with multi-scale blob detection was applied

In these 49 patients with mediastinal tuberculous lymphadenitis, CT findings of nodes with central low attenuation and peripheral rim enhancement suggested active disease, and findings of homogeneous and calcified nodes suggested inactive disease. Low-attenuation areas within the nodes had pathologic correspondence to areas of caseation necrosis and may be a reliable indicator for disease activity.

Principal CT findings in our patients depended on disease stage. Central airways narrowing was seen in both active and fibrotic stages. However, in patients with active disease, CT scans showed irregular and thick-walled airways, a pattern that was reversible, whereas patients with fibrotic disease generally had smooth narrowing of airways and minimal wall thickening, a pattern that was not reversible during the follow-up period.

Silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (SIRT1) is a multifaceted, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-dependent protein deacetylase with involvement in a wide variety of cellular processes ranging from cancer to aging. Expression of SIRT1 was evaluated in 90 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and five HCC cell lines. The relationship between the mutation status of p53 and expression of SIRT1 was also investigated in 10 fresh HCC tissues. Synthetic small interfering RNA was used