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[论文解读] HI anisotropies associated with radio-polarimetric filaments. Steep power spectra associated with cold gas

P. M. W. Kalberla, J. Kerp|arXiv (Cornell University)|Jul 18, 2017
Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics参考文献 87被引用 12
一句话总结

本研究将猎户座和御夫座场域中观测到的射电偏振去极化狭道与冷中性介质(CNM)中的丝状H i结构相联系,揭示了H i功率谱中与磁场方向对齐的强烈各向异性。这些谱中陡峭的幂律指数表明在不同尺度上存在湍流相变,提示H i丝状结构由热不稳定性驱动,并被磁离子结构包裹。

ABSTRACT

LOFAR detected toward 3C 196 linear polarization structures which were found subsequently to be closely correlated with cold filamentary HI structures. The derived direction-dependent HI power spectra revealed marked anisotropies for narrow ranges in velocity, sharing the orientation of the magnetic field as expected for magneto hydrodynamical turbulence. Using the Galactic portion of the Effelsberg-Bonn HI Survey we continue our study of such anisotropies in the HI distribution in direction of two WSRT fields, Horologium and Auriga; both are well known for their prominent radio-polarimetric depolarization canals. At 349 MHz the observed pattern in total intensity is insignificant but polarized intensity and polarization angle show prominent ubiquitous structures with so far unknown origin. Apodizing the HI survey data by applying a rotational symmetric 50 percent Tukey window, we derive average and position angle dependent power spectra. We fit power laws and characterize anisotropies in the power distribution. We use a Gaussian analysis to determine relative abundances for the cold and warm neutral medium. For the analyzed radio-polarimetric targets significant anisotropies are detected in the HI power spectra; their position angles are aligned to the prominent depolarization canals, initially detected by WSRT. HI anisotropies are associated with steep power spectra. Steep power spectra, associated with cold gas, are detected also in other fields. Radio-polarimetric depolarization canals are associated with filamentary HI structures that belong to the cold neutral medium (CNM). Anisotropies in the CNM are in this case linked to a steepening of the power-spectrum spectral index, indicating that phase transitions in a turbulent medium occur on all scales. Filamentary HI structures, driven by thermal instabilities, and radio-polarimetric filaments are associated with each other.

研究动机与目标

  • 研究猎户座和御夫座场域中与射电偏振去极化狭道相关的H i分布的空间与谱域各向异性。
  • 确定这些各向异性是否与冷中性介质(CNM)中的丝状H i结构相关。
  • 表征H i涨落的功率谱,并评估其相对于磁场取向的方位角依赖性。
  • 探讨射电偏振狭道的起源及其与湍流磁化星际介质(ISM)结构的关联。

提出的方法

  • 对EBHIS H i数据应用50%的Tukey旁瓣加权窗,以减少傅里叶分析中的边缘效应。
  • 计算方位角依赖的功率谱,以量化不同速度通道中H i分布的各向异性。
  • 对功率谱拟合幂律,以确定谱指数并评估尺度依赖的各向异性。
  • 利用高斯分解亮度温度剖面,分离冷(CNM)和暖(WNM)中性介质的贡献。
  • 将H i丝状结构与WSRT和LOFAR观测的偏振强度及偏振角图进行比较。
  • 分析速度-位置图,以追踪具有速度梯度的相干倾斜二维结构(如壳层或薄片)。

实验结果

研究问题

  • RQ1猎户座和御夫座场域中H i功率谱各向异性是否与射电偏振去极化狭道的取向一致?
  • RQ2H i涨落中陡峭的幂律谱指数是否与冷中性介质(CNM)丝状结构的存在相关?
  • RQ3观测到的H i分布各向异性的物理起源是什么?其与磁场和湍流的关系如何?
  • RQ4基于速度-位置结构,观测到的丝状H i结构是否可解释为二维薄片或扭曲壳层,而非一维纤维?
  • RQ5观测到的射电偏振狭道与星际介质中的磁离子结构及法拉第旋转效应有何关联?

主要发现

  • 在猎户座和御夫座场域中检测到显著的H i功率谱各向异性,其功率在垂直于去极化狭道取向的方向上增强了一个多数量级以上。
  • 这些各向异性与磁场方向对齐,且在窄速度通道中最为显著,与磁流体动力学(MHD)湍流模型一致。
  • 在与冷中性介质(CNM)相关的H i结构中发现陡峭的幂律谱指数(指示湍流相变),尤其在丝状特征中明显。
  • CNM中的丝状H i结构在空间上与射电偏振去极化狭道相关,提示H i丝与磁离子结构之间存在物理关联。
  • 观测到的大尺度H i特征(如猎户座中的弧状结构)表现出约20 km s⁻¹每度的相干速度梯度,表明其为倾斜的二维薄片而非一维纤维。
  • 速度-位置图揭示了主要与次级激波结构之间的动态相互作用,可能由湍流流体与云团相互作用驱动,支持ISM湍流的激波泵机制。

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