Aram Yang

This study investigated the relationship between peak stimulated growth hormone (GH) and body mass index (BMI), as well as the impact of BMI on therapeutic response in patients with GH deficiency (GHD). A total of 460 patients were enrolled in the study. The patients were divided into four groups as per the etiology and peak GH values: idiopathic (n = 439), organic (n = 21), complete (n = 114), and partial (n = 325) GHD groups. Subsequently, they were classified as normal, overweight, or obese b

BACKGROUND: Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a rare complex genetic disorder and is characterized by short stature, muscular hypotonia, abnormal body composition, psychomotor retardation, and hyperphagia. Recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) treatment improves the symptoms in children with PWS, and early treatment results in more favorable outcomes. However, systematic studies in infants and toddlers under 2 years of age are lacking. This multicenter, randomized, active-controlled, parallel-gro

Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS) is often related to severe obesity and type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, few studies, and none in Korea, have examined prevalence of T2DM and other variables in PWS. The aim of this study was to identify the prevalence and associated risk factors for T2DM in Korean patients with PWS. We performed a retrospective cohort study of the 84 PWS patients aged 10 or over (10.3–35.8 years of age) diagnosed with PWS at Samsung Medical Center from 1994 to 2016. We estima

<b>Background/Purpose:</b> A prolactinoma is the most common pituitary adenoma, but it is relatively rare in childhood and adolescence. There is only limited research about the clinical spectrum, treatment, and outcomes of prolactinomas in childhood and adolescence. In this single-center cohort study, we assessed the clinical, hormonal, and neuroradiological characteristics and therapeutic outcomes of children and adolescents with prolactinomas. <b>Methods:</b> This retrospective cohort study in

Deletion on the short arm of chromosome 18 is a rare disorder characterized by intellectual disability, growth retardation, and craniofacial malformations (such as prominent ears, microcephaly, ptosis, and a round face). The phenotypic spectrum is wide, encompassing a range of abnormalities from minor congenital malformations to holoprosencephaly. We present a case of a 2-year-old girl with ptosis, a round face, broad neck with low posterior hairline, short stature, and panhypopituitarism. She u

Mycoplasma pneumoniae is responsible for approximately 20% to 30% of community-acquired pneumonia, and is well known for its diverse extrapulmonary manifestations. However, acute necrotizing pancreatits is an extremely rare extrapulmonary manifestation of M. pneumoniae infection. A 6-year-old girl was admitted due to abdominal pain, vomiting, fever, and confused mentality. Acute necrotizing pancreatitis was diagnosed according to symptoms, laboratory test results, and abdominal computed tomograp

The prevalence rate of endoscopically proven pediatric RE has increased over the past 14 years. Residency and older age are more important independent risk factors for pediatric RE in Korea.

BACKGROUND: Hypoparathyroidism, sensorineural hearing loss, and renal disease (HDR) syndrome, also known as Barakat syndrome, is a rare genetic disorder with high phenotypic heterogeneity caused by haploinsufficiency of the GATA3 gene on chromosome 10p14-p15. For these reasons, the diagnosis of HDR syndrome is challenging and requires a high index of suspicion as well as genetic analysis. CASE PRESENTATION: A 14-month-old boy, with sensorineural hearing loss in both ears, showed typical radiolog

Turner syndrome (TS) is a genetic disorder with phenotypic heterogeneity caused by the monosomy or structural abnormalities of the X chromosome, and it has a prevalence of about 1/2500 females live birth. The variable clinical features of TS include short stature, gonadal failure, and skeletal dysplasia. The association with growth hormone (GH) deficiency or other hypopituitarism in TS is extremely rare, with only a few case reports published in the literature. Here, we report the first case of

Background: Triptorelin, a long-acting gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist, is available in 1-, 3-, and 6-month formulations to treat central precocious puberty (CPP). The triptorelin pamoate 22.5-mg 6-month formulation recently approved for CPP offers greater convenience to children by reducing the injection frequency. However, worldwide research on using the 6-month formulation to treat CPP is scarce. This study aimed to determine the impact of the 6-month formulation on predicted ad

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in children has been increasing associated with insulin resistance. However, there is a scarcity of related studies in children with NAFLD with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) compared to adults. We conducted this study to investigate the association between non-invasive diagnostic methods of liver fibrosis and T2DM in pediatric patients with NAFLD. METHODS: We enrolled a total of 152 patients aged <18 years with

Mucopolysaccharidosis type II (MPS II) is a rare multisystemic lysosomal disorder in which cardiac issues can lead to serious dysfunction and an increased risk of fatal cardiac failure. However, studies on major adverse cardiac event (MACE) outcomes in MPS II are lacking. This study evaluated the cardiovascular outcomes and impact of enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) in patients with MPS II in South Korea. In this national cohort study, utilizing data from the National Health Insurance Database,

Multiple osteochondromas (MOs) or hereditary multiple exostoses is a rare autosomal-dominant disease characterized by growths of MOs, which are benign cartilage-capped bone tumors that grow away from the growth plates. Almost 90% of MOs have a molecular explanation and 10% are unexplained. MOs are genetically heterogeneous with two causal genes on 8q24.11 (EXT1) and 11p12 (EXT2), with a higher frequency in EXT1. MO is a very rare genetic disorder, and the genotype-phenotype of MO with EXT2 mutat

Angle- and time-resolved two-photon photoemission (2PPE) was used to study systems of organic semiconductors on Ag(111). The 2PPE studies focused on electronic behavior specific to interfaces and ultrathin films. Electron time dynamics and band dispersions were characterized for ultrathin films of a prototypical n-type planar aromatic hydrocarbon, PTCDA, and representatives from a family of p-type oligothiophenes.In PTCDA, electronic behavior was correlated with film morphology and growth modes.