Doosun Kang

In accordance with the rapid proliferation of machine learning (ML) and data management, ML applications have evolved to encompass all engineering disciplines. Owing to the importance of the world’s water supply throughout the rest of this century, much research has been concentrated on the application of ML strategies to integrated water resources management (WRM). Thus, a thorough and well-organized review of that research is required. To accommodate the underlying knowledge and interests of b

A real-time estimation of water distribution system state variables such as nodal pressures and chlorine concentrations can lead to savings in time and money and provide better customer service. While a good knowledge of nodal demands is prerequisite for pressure and water quality prediction, little effort has been placed in real-time demand estimation. This study presents a real-time demand estimation method using field measurement provided by supervisory control and data acquisition systems. F

A water distribution network (WDN) is an indispensable element of civil infrastructure that provides fresh water for domestic use, industrial development, and fire-fighting. However, in a large and complex network, operation and management (O&M) can be challenging. As a technical initiative to improve O&M efficiency, the paradigm of “divide and conquer” can divide an original WDN into multiple subnetworks. Each subnetwork is controlled by boundary pipes installed with gate valves or flow

To provide more accurate estimates and account for associated uncertainties, a parameter estimation methodology for water distribution systems (WDSs) that combines demand and parameter estimation processes is proposed. A two-step sequential method for dual estimation of demand and roughness coefficient is presented based on a weighted least-squares scheme using field measurements of pipe flow rates and nodal pressure heads under multiple demand conditions. The uncertainties in the estimated vari

For the past three decades, a number of studies have been dedicated to water-distribution system (WDS) optimal design using alternative optimization algorithms. Many of those, however, focused on the introduction and application of new optimization techniques. Application systems optimized in previous studies are generally limited to simple transmission networks, so-called benchmark systems, in which local distribution lines were mostly excluded. Efforts seeking logical approaches to solve compl

Water, energy, and food (WEF) have complex interconnections. Water is required to produce energy, while energy is needed for water extraction, treatment, and distribution. The food sector requires water and energy to produce food products, while fertilizer and pesticide from farmland have a negative impact on water quality; however, biomass is a potential alternative energy source. Understanding these interconnections will help determine the developmental framework that connects all of the eleme

Uncertainties facing water planners and designers include changes in demand resulting from community growth (temporal and spatial), per capita water use, public perceptions, and regulations. One of the most powerful and intuitive ways to represent these uncertainties in the planning stage is to use scenarios. A scenario represents a realization of the system’s random parameters. Scenario-based analysis provides organizational flexibility by planning for multiple potential future scenarios, each

Long-range infrastructure planning is fraught with uncertainties. Population growth may occur faster or slower than expected, regulations may change, and public sentiment can shift. In the face of these uncertainties, water system managers must plan for large infrastructure investments and the questions about when it is desirable to invest in infrastructure and what is the appropriate infrastructure component size to meet growing demands. One of the most powerful and intuitive ways to incorporat

Historically, a water distribution system’s (WDS) hydraulic performance has been the primary operational concern. Over the past two decades, however, more attention has been paid to water quality behavior in WDS and today, water quality level is an equally important issue for many water utilities. In most cases, maintaining disinfectant levels is usually of interest to avoid the bacteria regrowth and to protect against the potential cross-contamination events. However, disinfectants, such as chl

The water–energy–food nexus (WEF nexus) concept is a novel approach to manage limited resources. Since 2011, a number of studies were conducted to develop computer simulation models quantifying the interlinkage among water, energy, and food sectors. Advancing a nationwide WEF nexus simulation model (WEFSiM) previously developed by the authors, this study proposes an optimization module (WEFSiM-opt) to assist stakeholders in making informed decisions concerning sustainable resource management. Bo

Real-time state estimates (SEs) of nodal demands in a water distribution system (WDS) can be developed using data from a supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) system. These estimates provide information for improved operations and customer service in terms of energy consumption and water quality. The SE results in a WDS are significantly affected by measurement characteristics, i.e., meter types, numbers, and topological distributions. The number and type of meters are generally selec

Rapid urban growth has stressed limited supplies of high-quality water sources and water shortage has become a major issue in worldwide. Today, sustainable water supply to meet growing demand is a significant concern for water utilities. Developing additional high-quality sources is not necessarily available; it may be costly to convey water from sources that are usually located far from users or there may be legal battles over water rights. A well-proven source that does not have significant co

This paper presents a data-driven simulation-based burst detection approach in water distribution systems using control limit analysis. System specific burst sensitivity tables are developed by synthetically generating burst events and analyzing the system hydraulic responses to the given bursts. Potential locations of pressure and flow meters are suggested based on the sensitivity tables. By matching the field observation data with the developed burst sensitivity tables, potential burst hotspot