Jeong-bin Im

The objective of this study is to suggest the policy direction for promoting agro-food export in Korea. To achieve the goal of the study, this study investigates the value and importance of agro-food export in Korea. Also the analysis of external and internal environments around the Korean agro-food export are conducted, particularly with the analysis of trade pattern and major factors affecting the export. Major results are as follows. Firstly, considering the recent and future potentiality of

In this study, we examined the effect of public subsidies on the intra-and inter-regional income inequality of farm households during the period of 2003-2007 by using Gini coefficient as a measure of income inequality. We used a decomposition method to investigate intra-and inter-regional income inequality and the effects of of income sources on income inequality. Our results show that the structure and the pattern of farm household income distribution are different among regions. We also found

In this study, we investigated the factors influencing the exports of horticultural sector in Korea. In particular, we estimated the gravity-type export equations for three horticultural products. The findings of this study are as follows. First, the effects of distance on the export of horticultural products except fruit are significant. Second, complementation in trade has positively related with export of horticultural product, except fresh vegetable. Trade of fresh vegetable are more likely

The UR created tariff-rate quota(TRQ) system in the process of tariffication for agricultural products which were under the various types of non-tariff barriers. TRQ system was introduced to establish market access opportunities. TRQ system is a two-level tariff mechanism. For example the import quantity under tariff quota is to be imported at a low tariff, while any import above the market access is levied a higher tariff. This mechanism naturally creates the policy discretion on distribution o

All non-tariff agricultural import barriers has been switched into tariff only measure after the launch of WTO system in 1995. Therefore the importance of agricultural tariff as a trade policy instrument has been much more increased than before. By the way current Korean tariff system on agricultural products is not effective for protecting the agricultural domestic market compared to that of agricultural tariff system in developed countries such as USA, EU, Japan etc. In this regard, the paper

In Brazil, agricultural sector accounts for 15 percent of total employment and agricultural export takes 36 percent of the national merchandise exports. Particularly agricultural export has played an important role in Brazilian economic growth and stabilization. Brazil is a substantial agricultural exporter which obtains huge trade surplus in agricultural trade amounting USD 73,300 million. Major agricultural exports are grain and grain-processed products such as soybean, soybean cake, corn and

세계 콩 교역은 일부 소수 수출국과 다국적 곡물메이저가 주도하는 시장구조이며, non-GM 콩 교역물량은 매년 축소된다는 특징을 가지고 있어 우리나라와 같이 국민이 필요로 하는 콩을 해외시장에서 대부분 조달하는 수입국에게는 매우 불리한 여건이다. 2009년 현재 우리나라의 해외 non-GM 식용 콩 조달은 중국(76%)과 미국(22%)에 집중되어 있으며 특히 중국으로부터의 수입 비중이 매우 크다. 하지만 중국은 근본적으로 대규모 콩 순수입국이며, 최근 국제 곡물가격이 상승하자 중국은 국내 물가 안정 차원에서 주요 곡물 수출에 대해 수출세를 부과하고 수출에 대한 관세 환급제를 폐지하는 등 보호적 태도를 보이고 있다. 이는 우리나라와 같은 식량수입국에게 안정적인 미래 식량 자원 확보의 필요성을 환기시켰다. 이에 단기적으로 무엇보다 콩 수입선 다변화, 선물거래의 활용, 해외농업개발과 연계된 조달방안 마련 등 해외 조달방식의 다양화가 필요하다. 세계적으로 GM 작물의 재배면적이 늘어나는 추

This study suggested a framework for analyzing the ex post impacts of agricultural market-opening on social welfare and agriculture-related industry. In this study, 19 major agricultural products were considered, which hold about 64% of total agricultural production. The ex post impacts of market-opening were defined as the net import changes estimated by subtracting the trend forecast from realized import. We also estimated the impacts on the agriculture-related industry by employing an Input-O

This paper suggests an appropriate way to estimate the OECD’s %PSE of Korea by expanding the coverage of Market Price Support(MPS) commodities. Currently only 11 commodities are included in the MPS calculation and the share of included commodities in total value of agricultural production is only 54 percent which is very below the average of OECD members. Particularly considering the national total Market Price Support(MPS) calculated by extrapolation method which is to apply the same rate of Ma

In the context of trade between South and North Korea, agricultural trade has long been an important status in both export and import. Particularly in the case of North Korea, agricultural trade with South Korea accounted for about 40 percent of national total trade in agriculture. However, in the case of South Korea, agricultural trade with North Korea accounted for only 2 percent of national total agricultural trade. Therefore, it is time to seek for the strategic approach to enhance the agric

This study reviews the situation of Korean direct payment programs and examines the characteristics and limitations of current programs. After the launch of WTO system in 1995, a series of agricultural policy reforms have been conducted in Korea. Particularly Korean government has introduced the various kinds of direct payment programs to cope with the agricultural market liberalization. The Korean direct payment programs are characterized in the low share of budget and concentration on rice far

앞서 논의되고 분석된 내용을 정리하면 다음과 같다. 우선 우리나라의 PSE가 다른 국가에 비해 높게 나타나는 근본적인 이유는 PSE에서 차지하는 시장각격지지(MPS) 비중이 매우 높기 때문이다. 즉 쌀을 비롯한 주요 품목의 높은 국내외 가격차로 인해 야기되는 높은 MPS산출로 인해 불가피하게 우리나라의 PSE는 다른 OECD 회원국들의 PSE 및 %PSE 수준에 비해 높게 나타나고 있는 것이다. 한편 우리나라 %PSE 지표 크기에 영향을 미치는 주요 요인별 민감도 분석을 살펴보면 우선 시장가격지지(MPS)와 직접재정지불(BP)의 증가는 %PSE의 크기 증가에 기여하고 있다. 하지만 WTO나 FTA를 통한 농산물 시장개방 확대 추세 속에 농가소득 안정이 중요한 정책 목표로 대두되고 있는 상황에서 단지 우리나라 %PSE를 줄이기 위해 현실적으로 시장가격지지(MPS)와 직접재정지불(BP)을 동시에 축소해 나갈 수는 없다. 따라서 무엇보다 우리나라 %PSE를 줄이기 위한 근본적인 방안은 시

The paper examines the agricultural situation of Azerbaijan and provides some strategies for successful accession to the WTO and sustainable development of its agricultural sector after the WTO accession. Azerbaijan has been negotiating accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO) for fourteen years since Azerbaijan applied to WTO for admission in June 1997. However, many experts guess that Azerbaijan’s accession to WTO will probably require a long time. It is mainly because Azerbaijan’s legi

Kazakhstan has been negotiating accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO) for thirteen years since its membership application in 1996. Bilateral market access negotiations with major countries are ongoing and Kazakhstan’s accession into the WTO is at the closing stage hopeful to be a full member in 2010. This study was conducted in 2009 as a consulting project of Korea International Cooperation Agency (KOICA) for developing country. The paper examines the agricultural situation of Kazakhst

The US farm bill is an extensive and omnibus piece of legislation that is reauthorizedroughly every five years. The 2008 Farm Bill was scheduled to expire on September. 30, 2012. Despite thetremendous efforts to create a new farm bill legislation before the deadline, US congress could not makea new farm bill, but instead passed a one-year extension of 2008 Farm Bill that expires in September2013. So, it has been many efforts in US congress to make a new farm bill replacing 2008 farm law. Eventua