Seungmook Lee

Normalization of mRNA levels using endogenous reference genes (ERGs) is critical for an accurate comparison of gene expression between different samples. Despite the popularity of traditional ERGs (tERGs) such as GAPDH and ACTB, their expression variability in different tissues or disease status has been reported. Here, we first selected candidate housekeeping genes (HKGs) using human gene expression data from different platforms including EST, SAGE, and microarray, and 13 novel ERGs (nERGs) (AR

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most common mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. We sequenced nine exomes and transcriptomes, and two genomes of GISTs for integrated analyses. We detected 306 somatic variants in nine GISTs and recurrent protein-altering mutations in 29 genes. Transcriptome sequencing revealed 328 gene fusions, and the most frequently involved fusion events were associated with IGF2 fused to several partner genes including CCND1, FUS, and LASP1. We ad

The genomic mechanism responsible for malignant transformation remains an open question for glioma researchers, where differing conclusions have been drawn based on diverse study conditions. Therefore, it is essential to secure direct evidence using longitudinal samples from the same patient. Moreover, malignant transformation of IDH1-mutated gliomas is of potential interest, as its genomic mechanism under influence of oncometabolite remains unclear, and even higher rate of malignant transformat

Anthropogenic emissions of PM2.5 in Chuncheon are considered to be low according to the national emissions inventory; however, the atmospheric PM2.5 concentrations have been reported to be higher than or at least similar to those measured in metropolitan (e.g. Seoul) and/or in industrial cities (e.g. Incheon, Ulsan). In this study, the concentrations of PM2.5 and its ionic and carbonaceous compounds were measured from Jan. 2013 to Dec. 2014 in Chuncheon, Korea to identify the characteristics of

We propose that NPM1 is a novel therapeutic target for AT/RTs.

We proposed a novel statistical method, Q-FISH, for accurately identifying protein species and simultaneously quantifying the expression levels of identified peptides from mass spectrometry data. Q-FISH analysis on human HCC and liver tissue samples identified many protein biomarkers that are highly relevant to HCC. Q-FISH can be a useful tool both for peptide identification and quantification on mass spectrometry data analysis. It may also prove to be more effective in discovering novel protein

We analyzed the genome of a rhabdoid glioblastoma (R-GBM) tumor, a very rare variant of GBM. A surgical specimen of R-GBM from a 20-year-old woman was analyzed using whole exome sequencing (WES), whole transcriptome sequencing (WTS), single nucleotide polymorphism array, and array comparative genomic hybridization. The status of gene expression in R-GBM tissue was compared with that of normal brain tissue and conventional GBM tumor tissue. We identified 23 somatic non-synonymous small nucleotide

PM2.5 samples were collected from December 2005 through November 2007 in two cities including Chuncheon and Seoul in order to investigate the characteristics of carbonaceous aerosol. The average PM2.5 concentration in Seoul (43.2 μg/m3) was approximately 1.2 times higher than that measured in Chuncheon (36.1 μg/m3), however there was no statistical difference on PM2.5 concentration between those two cities. Backward trajectories were passing through Seoul area before arriving Chuncheon for about

The Korean government strengthened the environmental polices to manage and enhance Metropolitan Area air quality, and also has enforced “Special Act on Seoul Metropolitan Air Quality Improvement (SASMAQI)” issued in Dec. 2004. Recently government expanded the Seoul Metropolitan Air Quality Management District (SMAQMD) to the outskirts satellite cities of Seoul area through the “Revised Law Draft of SASMAQI”. The SMAQMD has been alloted the allowable emission loads to the local governments on the

Characteristics and advantages of the thermal desorption-comprehensive two dimensional gas chromatographytime of flight mass spectrometry (TD-GCxGC-TOFMS) were discussed and the organic compound’s analysis result was shown for the ambient PM2.5 sample collected in Seoul, Korea. Over 10,000 individual organic compounds were separated from about 70 μg of aerosols in a single procedure with no sample pre-treatment. Among them, around 300 compounds were identified and classified based on the mass fr

Carbonaceous compounds in the atmospheric particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of less than or equal to a nominal 10 μm (PM10) were analyzed for the samples collected during the period of August 2006 to August 2007 at Jongro in Seoul. A total 18 dicarboxylic acids (DCAs) and levoglucosan, as well as organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC), and water soluble organic carbon (WSOC), were analyzed. Distinctive seasonal patterns of the concentrations of OC, EC, and WSOC including levogl

The objective of this study was to estimate PM2.5 source contributions using the filter-based PM2.5 data collected from the two air pollution monitoring supersites. The PM2.5 samples collected at Seoul supersite and central region supersite from January 2014 to December 2014. This study used EPA-PMF model to estimate the source profiles and their mass contributions. In the case of the Seoul supersite, the average mass was apportioned to secondary nitrate (24.3%), secondary sulfate (20.8%), vehic

Temperature change has been shown to affect daily mortality even though different analytical methods produce different results. The effect of air pollution on the relationship between the temperature and the mortality is not large,although differences exist between temperature models. The aim of this study was to examine how the temperature change affected the daily mortality in Seoul by comparing the results from the temperature model using two study periods:one from 1994 to 2007 and the other

The concentrations of PAHs in PM10 fine particles were determined at two sites, which were Jongno, one of the urban core sites of Seoul, and Yongin, a downwind site of Seoul. The average concentration of PAHs in PM10 was 19.92±18.49 ng m-3 with the range of 1.28~81.22 ng m-3 at Jongno site of Seoul from August 2006 to August 2007, and 14.06±9.96 ng m-3 with the range of 1.66~31.84 ng m-3 at Yongin site from September to November of 2006. In the results of monthly comparison, the concentration of

Quantifying the methane emission from landlls is important to evaluate measures for reduction of greenhousemethodologies were used. In addition, ve different scenarios were adopted to identify the effect of important vari-ables on methane emission. The trends of methane emission using Tier 1 were similar to the disposed waste amount.Methane emission using Tier 2 increased as the degradation of waste was gradually proceeded. This result indicatesthat disposed waste amount and methane generation r