Sung Ho Jang

Interleukin-8 appears to be associated with development of radicular pain by back extension and to be activated on acute or subacute disc herniations. IL-8 seems to participate in the pathomechanism of nerve root inflammation in lumbar disc herniations, which implies that it may be considered a target for therapeutic intervention.

For the past decade, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) has been used in elucidation of the motor recovery mechanisms in stroke patients. In the current study, I reviewed the DTI studies with regard to the motor recovery mechanisms in stroke patients, according to the following classification of motor recovery mechanisms; recovery of a damaged lateral corticospinal tract (CST), subcortical peri-lesional reorganization, ipsilateral motor pathway from the unaffected motor cortex to the affected extrem

We found injury of the lower portion of the ascending reticular activating system between the pontine reticular formation and the thalamus in patients with SAH. In addition, we observed a close association between injury of the lower portion of the ascending reticular activating system and impaired consciousness in patients with SAH.

Kernohan's notch phenomenon is the ipsilateral hemiplegia caused by compression of the contralateral cerebral peduncle against the tentorial edge by a supratentorial mass. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) could be useful for exploring the state of the corticospinal tract (CST). This report attempts to demonstrate Kernohan's notch phenomenon in a patient with subdural haematoma by using DTI and TMS. One patient and six normal control subjects were recruit

An in situ thickness measurement method of dielectric films (dual frequency method) was developed, and the thicknesses were measured in an inductively coupled plasma. This method uses a small ac bias voltage with two frequencies for thickness measurement. The dielectric thickness is obtained from measuring the amplitudes of the two frequency ac currents through a sensor, as well as using an equivalent circuit model describing impedance of the dielectric film and the plasma sheath. In the experim

In this study, we attempted to demonstrate the change of the ascending reticular activating system (ARAS) concurrent with the recovery from a vegetative state (VS) to a minimally conscious state (MCS) in a patient with brain injury. A 54-year-old male patient had suffered from head trauma and underwent cardiopulmonary resuscitation immediately after head trauma. At 10 months after onset, the patient exhibited impaired consciousness, with a Coma Recovery Scale-Revised (CRS-R) score of 7 (auditory

The main advantage of diffusion tensor tractography is that it allows the entire neural tract to be evaluated. In addition, configurational analysis of reconstructed neural tracts can indicate abnormalities such as tearing, narrowing, or discontinuations, which have been used to identify axonal injury of neural tracts in concussion patients. This review focuses on the characteristic features of axonal injury in concussion or mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) patients through the use of diffusio

The pyramidal tract is the major neuronal pathway that mediates voluntary movements. Several studies have reported that the pyramidal tract has a collateral pathway in the human brain, which separates from the original pyramidal tract at the midbrain, and the pons descends through the medial lemniscus in what is referred to as the aberrant pyramidal tract (APT).1 Although the existence of this pathway has been demonstrated by several pathological, electrophysiological and radiological studies, i

In previous work an enhanced giant magnetoresistance (GMR) effect in spin valves (SVs) with a nano-oxide layer (NOL) after annealing at about 250–300 °C has been reported. We have shown that SVs with a NOL also have higher thermal stability of the MR ratio at 300 °C. From secondary-ion-mass spectroscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy depth profile analysis, the mechanism of the improved thermal stability of the SVs with a NOL is shown to be related to MnO formation within the NOL. Thus, Mn

Abstract. This paper presents a micro optical probe, which is employed to evaluate edge contours of single point diamond tools with a size in a range of several millimetres. The micro optical probe consists of a laser source with a wavelength of 405 nm, an objective lens with a numerical aperture of 0.25, a photodiode for measurement, and a compensating optical system including another photodiode for compensation of laser intensity. A collimated laser beam, which is divided by a beam splitter in

The ascending reticular activating system (ARAS) is responsible for regulation of consciousness. In this study, using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), we attempted to reconstruct the thalamocortical projections between the intralaminar thalamic nuclei and the frontoparietal cortex in normal subjects. Methods: DTI data were acquired in 24 healthy subjects and eight kinds of thalamocortical projections were reconstructed: the seed region of interest (ROI) -the intralaminar thalamic nuclei and the e

The purpose of this study was to demonstrate corticospinal tract compression that was due to a hematoma by using diffusion tensor tractography (DTT) and functional MRI (fMRI) in a patient with an intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). A 23-year-old right-handed woman presented with severe paralysis of her right extremities at the onset of a spontaneous ICH. Over the first three days from onset, the motor function of the affected upper and lower extremities rapidly recovered to the extent that she was a

This case demonstrates the association of the recovery of injured CBT with the recovery of dysphagia using DTT.

The human brain is known to have six cholinergic nuclei (Selden et al., 1998; Nieuwenhuys et al., 2008). The cerebral cortex obtains cholinergic innervation mainly from the basalis nucleus of Meynert (Ch 4) in the basal forebrain through the medial and lateral cholinergic pathways (Selden et al., 1998; Mesulam et al., 1983). The cingulum, the neural fiber bundle connecting the basal forebrain and the medial temporal lobe, contains the medial cholinergic pathway (Selden et al., 1998; Hong and Jan