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Tranexamic acid (TXA) protects against endothelial glycocalyx injury in vitro. We aimed to evaluate whether TXA could protect against endothelial glycocalyx degradation in patients undergoing posterior lumbar fusion surgery. Patients aged 30–80 years were enrolled. The TXA group was administered a loading dose of 10 mg/kg, followed by a 1 mg/kg/h infusion. Serum syndecan-1 and heparan sulfate concentrations, which are biomarkers of glycocalyx degradation, were measured at preoperative baseline (

The retrodural space of Okada (RSO) is a potential space located posterior to the ligamentum flavum. It can complicate epidural injections owing to its communication with the epidural space and facet joints. The purpose of this study was to clarify the anatomical structures of the cervical RSO and adjacent ligamentous tissues in cadavers. Cervical spine specimens from 15 embalmed cadavers were used for serial sectional dissection, histological verification, and micro-computed tomography (micro-C

Background and Objectives: Fascia iliaca compartment block (FICB) is an effective and relatively safe technique in perioperative pain management for hip surgery. However, blockade of the obturator nerve (ON) using this technique remains controversial. This study aimed to compare dye spread patterns and nerve involvement in the suprainguinal FICB (S-FICB) and infrainguinal FICB (I-FICB) approaches using different volumes of dye. Materials and Methods: Following randomization, 6 S-FICBs and 6 I-FI

BACKGROUND: During pediatric epilepsy surgery, due to low circulating blood volume, intraoperative bleeding can result in significant hemodynamic instability, thereby requiring meticulous hemodynamic and transfusion strategies. Knowing the source of bleeding during the procedure would allow medical staff to better prepare the perioperative protocols for these patients. We compared intraoperative bleeding between the first (involving skin to meninges) and second (involving brain parenchyma) stage

<h3>Background and Aims</h3> Morphological changes in paraspinal muscles may be associated with the analgesic outcome after epidural adhesiolysis, especially in elderly patients. The purpose of study was to evaluate whether cross-sectional area or fatty infiltration of the paraspinal muscles affects treatment results of epidural adhesiolysis. <h3>Methods</h3> Patients with degenerative lumbar disease who underwent epidural adhesiolysis were enrolled in the analysis. Good analgesia was defined as

Together, these findings demonstrated the predominance of SSAs in the ASQ, emphasizing the need for precise anatomical guidance during TFESI to avoid vascular injury. In addition, the cervical spine exhibits anatomical variability, indicating that greater caution is required when treating the cervical spine compared with the lumbar spine and highlighting the importance of targeting the PIQ to avoid the SSA and other vascular structures.

Background/Objectives: Target-controlled infusion (TCI) with remifentanil or sufentanil provides stable and effective anesthesia. This randomized prospective trial investigated the comparative efficacy of TCI using sufentanil versus remifentanil on postoperative analgesia and recovery profiles in patients after laparoscopic subtotal gastrectomy under remimazolam-based total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA). Methods: Sixty-six patients who underwent laparoscopic subtotal gastrectomy were randomly al

In deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) free flap surgery for breast reconstruction, vasopressors may cause vasoconstriction and impair flap perfusion, potentially increasing the risk of complications.In this study, we aimed to determine the effects of remimazolam anesthesia on intraoperative vasopressor requirements and postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing DIEP flap reconstruction compared with conventional anesthesia.We conducted a retrospective cohort study of DIEP flap procedu