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Although eugenol is widely used in dentistry, little is known about the molecular mechanisms responsible for its anesthetic properties. In addition to calcium channels, recently demonstrated by our group, there could be another molecular target for eugenol. Using a whole-cell patch-clamp technique, we investigated the effect of eugenol on voltage-gated sodium channel currents (I(Na)) in rat dental primary afferent neurons identified by retrograde labeling with a fluorescent dye in maxillary mola

Short-term postoperative visual outcome was a strong indicator of permanent visual outcome after surgery for tuberculum sellae and diaphragm sellae meningiomas.

OBJECT: Cystic vestibular schwannoma (VS) is a unique subgroup of VSs characterized by unpredictable expansion of the cyst component. Little is known, however, about the mechanism of cyst formation. In this study the authors compared neuroimaging and histological characteristics of cystic with solid VS to determine the pathogenesis of the cystic subgroup. METHODS: Two cohorts, one comprising 10 patients with cystic VS and the other comprising 10 patients with solid VS, were studied. Surgery was

Sox2 is a key transcription factor that maintains the proliferation of neuroglial stem cells and inhibits neuronal fate commitment. Moreover, it was recently found that brain tumors contain stem cells that resemble normal neuroglial stem cells in many respects. This study was undertaken to describe Sox2 expression in various brain tumors, and to determine whether Sox2 expression is a universal feature of brain tumors, or whether its expression is limited to a specific lineage of brain tumors. So

BACKGROUND: To determine the benefit of surgical management in recurrent glioblastoma, we analyzed a series of patients with recurrent glioblastoma who had undergone surgery, and we devised a new scale to predict their survival. METHODS: Clinical data from 55 consecutive patients with recurrent glioblastoma were evaluated after surgical management. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression modeling were used to identify prognostic variables for the development of a p

Pseudoprogression is a major diagnostic dilemma in current treatment protocols for malignant gliomas that involve concurrent chemoradiotherapy. We hypothesized that methylation-specific multiplex ligation probe amplification (MS-MLPA), an assay that permits semiquantitative evaluation of promoter methylation, may be used to diagnose pseudoprogression based on the quantification of the methylation status of the O(6)-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter. We examined the methylation

We investigated the role of somatic mutations and a common single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the hTERT promoter region on hTERT expression and clinical outcomes. The hTERT promoter region was sequenced from 48 glioblastomas. hTERT expression was analyzed by quantitative real time-PCR. The association between hTERT promoter genetic changes and other genomic events and clinical variables common in gliomas were examined. C228T and C250T somatic mutations were found in 60.4% of glioblastomas,

BACKGROUND: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is known as one of the most fatal forms of cancer. MicroRNAs have been widely implicated in the regulation of mammalian development and pathogenesis. The brain-enriched miR-29 subfamilies are known to be exclusively expressed in the developing brain, and they are aberrantly down-regulated in GBM. This study aims to elucidate the role of miR-29b in GBM development and the feasibility of therapeutic targeting using conjugated nanoparticles. METHODS: After

Background: Despite extensive efforts on the genomic characterization of gliomas, very few studies have reported the genetic alterations of cerebellar glioblastoma (C-GBM), a rare and lethal disease. Here, we provide a systematic study of C-GBM to better understand its specific genomic features. Methods: We collected a cohort of C-GBM patients and compared patient demographics and tumor pathologies with supratentorial glioblastoma (S-GBM). To uncover the molecular characteristics, we performed D

The long-term clinical outcomes of CN after multimodal treatment seem to be excellent. Our study suggests that treatment strategies for CN should focus on the patient's quality of life, as well as on tumor control, because of the benign nature of CN.