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The gut mycobiome plays an important role in the health and disease of the human gut, but its exact function is still under investigation. While there is a wealth of information available on the bacterial community of the human gut microbiome, research on the fungal community is still relatively limited. In particular, technical methodologies for mycobiome analysis, especially the DNA extraction method for human faecal samples, varied in different studies. In the current study, two commercial ki

HV-TPE could remove accumulated toxins and improve coagulation. Therefore, we conclude that HV-TPE can be regarded as a representative bridging therapy before LT.

The misuse and abuse of fentanyl patches for chronic pain have been frequently reported. Such reports show side effects ranging from asymptomatic to death However, there are no reports on brain and neurological damages resulting from oral ingestion of such patches. Thus, we would like to report on this subject.

CEUS can be a safe and specific diagnostic modality for Crohn's disease activity in children. Among quantitative CEUS parameters, the mean gradient to the peak value could be used to differentiate active and inactive Crohn's disease.

INTRODUCTION: Pediatric Crohn's disease (CD) easily progresses to an active disease compared with adult CD, making it important to predict and minimize CD relapses. However, prediction of relapse at various time points (TPs) during pediatric CD remains understudied. We aimed to develop a real-time aggregated model to predict pediatric CD relapse in different TPs and time windows (TWs). METHODS: This retrospective study was conducted on children diagnosed with CD between 2015 and 2022 at Severanc

Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a rare, non-infectious, neutrophilic dermatosis characterized by painful ulcers with indistinct borders and peripheral erythema. The diagnosis of PG requires the exclusion of other causes of similar appearing skin manifestations, including vasculitis and infections. The pathogenesis of PG is not clear; however, dysregulation of the immune system has been suggested in previous studies. More than half of the PG patients have underlying diseases; the most common being i

Background: Liver transplantation (LT) is a life-saving treatment in patients with end-stage liver disease and immunosuppressants are needed to prevent immunologic adverse events. Intrapatient variability (IPV) of tacrolimus (TAC) levels is associated with poor outcomes. We aimed to investigate outcomes related to TAC IPV and find good indicators that represent IPV in pediatric patients. Methods: From 2000 to 2022, pediatric LT cases were collected at Severance Hospital. Excluding retransplantat

Twenty-four-hour follow-up US was shown to be valuable for detecting early recurrence of intussusception.

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic, relapsing disease of the intestine, with approximately 5-14% of patients diagnosed during childhood.Previous studies have shown that knowledge of IBD is associated with treatment adherence, highlighting that assessment of disease knowledge is an important component of ongoing management.The Inflammatory Bowel Disease Knowledge Inventory Device 2 (IBD-KID2) is a validated English-language knowledge assessment tool for children with IBD, b