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High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Self-assembly of monodisperse colloidal particles into regular lattices has provided relatively simple and economical methods to prepare photonic crystals. The photonic stop band of colloidal crystals appears as opalescent structural colors, which are potentially useful for display devices, colorimetric sensors, and optical filters. However, colloidal crystals have low durability, and an undesired scattering of light makes the structures white a

Pixelated inverse opals with red, green, and blue colors were prepared by hybridizing convective assembly of colloidal particles and photolithography techniques. The brilliant structural colors, high mechanical stability, and small feature size of the pixels were simultaneously accomplished, thereby providing color reflectors potentially useful for display devices. Moreover, this hybridized method provides a general means to create multi-colored photonic crystals.

Colloidal particles with a repulsive interparticle potential spontaneously form crystalline lattices, which are used as a motif for photonic materials. It is difficult to predict the crystal arrangement in spherical volume as lattices are incompatible with a spherical surface. Here, the optimum arrangement of charged colloids is experimentally investigated by encapsulating them in double-emulsion drops. Under conditions of strong interparticle repulsion, the colloidal crystal rapidly grows from

In this paper, we demonstrated a microfluidic system for fabricating microspheres with hierarchical surface nanopatterns for molecular detection based on surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). Briefly, a photocurable silica suspension was emulsified into monodisperse droplets using a microfluidic device composed of two coaxial glass capillaries. The silica particles in each droplet protruded through the interface and spontaneously formed a hexagonal array. After polymerization of the droplets

Abstract Advances in microfluidic emulsification have enabled the creation of multiphase emulsion drops, which have emerged as promising templates for producing functional microcapsules. However, most previous micro‐encapsulation methods have limitations in terms of capsule stability, functionality, and simplicity of fabrication procedures. Here, we report a simple single‐step encapsulation technique that uses an optofluidic platform to efficiently and precisely encapsulate a specific number of

The scalable synthetic route to colloidal atoms has significantly advanced over the past two decades. Recently, colloidal clusters with DNA-coated cores called "patchy colloidal clusters" have been developed, providing a directional bonding with specific angle of rotation due to the shape complementarity between colloidal clusters. Through a DNA-mediated interlocking process, they are directly assembled into low-coordination colloidal structures, such as cubic diamond lattices. Herein, the signi

We study the kinetics of crystal growth and melting of two types of colloidal crystals: body-centered cubic (BCC) crystals and face-centered cubic (FCC) crystals. A dielectrophoretic "electric bottle" confines colloids, enabling precise control of the motion of the interface. We track the particle motion, and by introducing a structural order parameter, we measure the jump frequencies of particles to and from the crystal and determine from these the free-energy difference between the phases and

)). For each size of clusters, we discuss the detailed structures, mechanisms of cluster formation, and optical properties and potential applications. Finally, we outline current challenges and questions that require further investigation.

Icosahedral colloidal clusters are a new class of spherical colloidal crystals. This cluster allows for potentially superior optical properties in comparison to conventional onion-like colloidal supraballs because of the quasi-crystal structure. However, the characterization of the cluster as an optical material has until now not been achieved. Here we successfully produce icosahedral clusters by assembling silica particles using bulk water-in-oil emulsion droplets and systematically characteriz

An on-chip spectrometer: Chirped 3D photonic crystals have been created using colloidal particle diffusion in a photocurable medium. The variations in the lattice constant created a color gradient that spanned the entire visible range. By combining the functionality of chirped photonic crystals with a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor sensor array, a miniaturized spectrometer system is developed (see picture).

= 2.31). As supersaturation increases, evolution of ion clusters leads to chemical ordering, but no topological ordering, which is a precursor for forming the dense disordered regions of ion clusters at the early stage of TSN. Moreover, as the ion clusters proceed to evolve under highly supersaturated conditions, we observe the breakage of the water hydration structure indicating the stability limit of the dense liquid regions, and thus leading to nucleation. The evolution of solute clusters and

Photonic crystals with mechanochromic properties are currently under intensive study to provide intuitive colorimetric detection of strains for various applications. However, the sensitivity of color change to strain is intrinsically limited, as the degree of deformation determines the wavelength shift. To overcome this limitation, auxetic photonic patterns that exhibit ultra-sensitive mechanochromism are designed. These patterns have a regular arrangement of cuts that expand to accommodate the

Photonic crystal fibers have been created using the spontaneous crystallization of colloidal particles in a photocurable resin coated on the inner wall of microcapillaries. The controlled deposition of films on the microcapillaries allows the thickness and number of layers in the photonic crystal fibers to be controlled. A stop band in a colloidal photonic crystal fiber can enhance the efficiency of light guidance (see picture). Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as

Colloidal crystallization is analogous to the crystallization in bulk atomic systems in various aspects, which has been explored as a model system. However, a real-time probing of the phenomenon still remains challenging. Here, a levitation system for a study of colloidal crystallization is demonstrated. Colloidal particles in a levitated droplet are gradually concentrated by isotropic evaporation of water from the surface of the droplet, resulting in crystallization. The structural change of th

We investigated the substrate effect of carbon nanotube (CNT) oscillators using classical molecular dynamics simulations. Double-walled CNT oscillators on {100} gold surface were considered. The nanotube–gold interactions induced the compressive deformations of the outer nanotube and affected the transitional velocity and the energy dissipation of the nanotube oscillator. When the inner nanotube was extruded from the outer nanotube, the central regions of the outer nanotube were compressed by th