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Abstract This review focuses on elucidating the viscosity of ironmaking slags and the effect of various components in the multi‐component calcium‐silicate‐based slag system on the viscosity. Using various widely used spectroscopic techniques including Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), Raman, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), the viscous behavior and the slag structure of this system were correlated. In particular, the review begins with an introductio

Abstract In this study, the effect of CaO and BaO substitution on the viscosity and structure of CaO‐BaO‐SiO 2 ‐MgO‐Al 2 O 3 slags was investigated. The results showed that the viscosity increased with an increase in the BaO substitution concentration, which was correlated to an increase in the degree of polymerization ( DOP ) of the slag structural units as the activation energy increased from 207.9 to 263.8 kJ/mol for viscous flow. Deconvolution and area integration of the Raman spectrum of th

In this work, the crystallization behavior of synthesized FetO-rich electric arc furnace (EAF) waste slags with a basicity range of 0.7 to 1.08 was investigated. Crystal growth in the melts was observed in situ using a confocal laser scanning microscope, and a delayed crystallization for higher-basicity samples was observed in the continuous cooling transformation and time temperature transformation diagrams. This result is likely due to the polymerization of the melt structure as a result of th

Abstract The relationship between the viscosity and structure of B 2 O 3 ‐containing calcium‐silicate‐based mold fluxes and the effects of fluidizers including CaF 2 , CaO, and B 2 O 3 on the viscosity and their correlation with the structural aspects were studied using a rheometer with Fourier transformation infrared and Raman spectroscopy. The viscosity decreased with increasing CaF 2 addition up to 28 wt% at a fixed CaO/SiO 2 ratio of 0.3, which was related to depolymerization. Furthermore, C