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High incidence of acute pulmonary hypertension was observed in each sclerotherapy session without lasting effect on PAP.

BACKGROUND: Epidural anesthesia (EA) is popular for cesarean section, but has some drawbacks such as incomplete block, inadequate muscle relaxation and delayed onset. Combined spinal epidural anesthesia (CSEA) has gained increasing interest as it combines the reliability of a spinal block and the flexibility of an epidural block. We investigated the efficacy of CSEA that combines the main spinal and the supporting epidural anesthesia, comparing with pH-adjusted EA, for cesarean section. METHODS:

We found that insulin and glucose rapidly reversed hemodynamic abnormality in dogs with bupivacaine-induced cardiac depression. This study implies a possible clinical application of insulin treatment for bupivacaine-induced cardiac depression.

We performed a study to confirm which risk factors are significantly associated with epistaxis during nasotracheal intubation. One hundred patients who underwent nasotracheal intubation were included. Risk factors for epistaxis were analysed using the multiple logistic regression analysis with stepwise variable selection method. Epistaxis was most likely to occur if transit of the tube through the nasal passage was difficult (P=0.0001, odds ratio 625, 95% confidence interval 3.14-14.26). On the

We successfully fabricated the three-dimensional multibridge channel MOSFET (MBCFET) with the channel length of 240 nm by using epitaxial growth technology and damascene gate process. Its subthreshold swing is 60 mV/dec, a nearly ideal value, resulting from the thin body completely surrounded by the gate. And its current drivability is 4.6 times larger than that of a planar dynamic random access memory (DRAM) MOSFET. This outstanding performance of MBCFET originates from the vertically increased

We evaluated the effects of three airway manipulation manoeuvres: (a) conventional (single-handed chin lift); (b) backward, upward and right-sided pressure (BURP) manoeuvre; and (c) modified jaw thrust manoeuvre (two-handed aided by an assistant) on laryngeal view and intubation time using the Clarus Video System in 215 patients undergoing general anaesthesia with orotracheal intubation. In the first part of this study, the laryngeal view was recorded as a modified Cormack-Lehane grade with each

Highly manufacturable partially insulated field-effect transistors (PiFETs) were fabricated by using Si-SiGe epitaxial growth and selective SiGe etch process. Owing to these technologies, pseudo-silicon-on-insulator (SOI) structures, partially insulating oxide (PiOX) under source/drain (PUSD) and PiOX under channel (PUC), could be easily realized with excellent structural and process advantages. We are demonstrating their preliminary characteristics and properties. Especially, in the PUSD PiFET,

OBJECT: Stable hemodynamics, normocapnia, and adequate pain relief are considered important factors in the reduction of neurological complications in pediatric patients undergoing encephaloduroarteriomyosynangiosis (EDAMS) operations for the treatment of moyamoya disease. A preoperative skull block may reduce hemodynamic fluctuations and hypo- or hyperventilation due to emergence delirium or oversedation and provide adequate pain relief, thereby reducing postoperative morbidity. METHODS: Pediatr

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the flow rate of elastomeric balloon infusor composed of rubber or silicone materials. Two models were studied: the Baxter Twoday Infusor and Advance Silicone Infusor. Each infusion device has a preset flow rate of 2 mL/hr. Fifteen units of each device were filled with 100 mL of normal saline. The flow rate was measured gravimetically using an electronic balance. The internal pressure of the balloon infusor was measured with a Digital pressure meter via

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