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BACKGROUND: Helicobacter pylori causes chronic gastritis, gastroduodenal ulcers, and gastric cancer, and has been treated with two antibiotics (amoxicillin and clarithromycin) and proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs). However, antibiotic treatment alters the indigenous gut microbiota to cause side effects. Therefore, the effects of probiotic supplementation on therapy have been studied. Although several studies have covered the probiotics' effects, details about the gut microbiota changes after H. pylo

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Unregulated activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease. In this study, we investigated the clinical characteristics and disease outcome of Crohn's disease patients with varying levels of the NF-κB activation. METHODS: Crohn's disease patients who underwent surgical bowel resection were divided into two groups, based on the activation status of NF-κB. NF-κB activation was assessed by the immunoreactivity of nuclear NF-κB d

Periostin is a matricellular protein that interacts with various integrin molecules on the cell surface. Although periostin is expressed in inflamed colonic mucosa, its role in the regulation of intestinal inflammation remains unclear. We investigated the role of periostin in intestinal inflammation using Postn-deficient (Postn-/-) mice. Intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) were transfected by Postn small interfering RNAs. Periostin expression was determined in colon tissue samples from ulcerative

Abstract Intestinal fibrosis induced by chronic and recurrent colitis, which is exacerbated by bowel stenosis, stricture, and obstruction, is challenging to treat. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) stimulates innate and acquired immunity in response to specific microbial components, but the role of TLR4 in intestinal fibrosis is largely unknown. We investigated its role in intestinal fibrosis using not only a murine fibrosis model but also human myofibroblasts and intestinal epithelial cells. Colon fi

본 연구는 4대 사회보험 통합이슈가 몇 차례의 정책변동 시도에도 불구하고 매번 정책의제수준에서 좌절되어 정책표류 현상을 겪었던 원인을 수정된 정책흐름모형을 적용한 정책형성과정분석을 통해 추론한 것이다. 분석대상 기간은 사회보험 통합 이슈가 정책의제로 크게 부각되었던 국민의 정부 기간 내인 제1기(1998년 2월부터 2000년 10월)와 참여정부 기간 내인 제2기(2004년 11월부터 2008년 2월)로 한정한다. 질적 정책사례연구 방식을 이용한 주요 분석결과를 살펴보면 첫째, 시기별로 정책대안은 비일관성을 띠며, 정책문제 해결에 적합한지 여부와 무관하게 제시되었다는 점이다. 둘째, 민주화가 상당히 진전된 시기였음에도 공식적 참여자 주도로 정책의제화가 이루어지는 하향식 접근방법을 보여 여론의 강력한 지지를 얻기 곤란하였다. 결국, 4대 사회보험 통합 정책사례의 경우 정책결정의 지연 이유로 이슈맥락보다는 정치적 흐름과 공식적 행위주체의 정책선호 및 태도, 역량을 반영하는 정치체제맥락이

Although there were differences in the frequency of occurrence, various adverse reactions were confirmed in using all 4 COVID-19 vaccines, even with the BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) vaccine. Caution is needed, and further research should be continuously conducted.

When the colorectal obstruction had a tortuous, curved angulation of the colon or was located at or proximal to the descending colon, the endoscopic method of SEMS placement appears to be more useful than the radiologic method. However, once SEMS placement was technically successful, the clinical success rate, complication rate, and stent patency did not differ with the method of insertion.

AIMS: Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a global health problem associated with an increased risk of diabetes mellitus (DM), cardiovascular disease (CVD), and cancer. Body composition parameters, including obesity, visceral adiposity, and sarcopenia contribute to the development of MS and CVD. Previous studies have investigated the association of individual body composition parameters with MS. Studies analyzing the association between multiple body composition parameters and MS have been rare. We aimed

BACKGROUND: Two liters of polyethylene glycol (PEG) solution administered with ascorbic acid (Asc) can provide efficacy similar to that of a 4-L PEG solution for colonoscopy preparation. In addition, oral bisacodyl (Bis) has been shown to reduce the volume of PEG needed for a bowel preparation with comparable efficacy. This study aimed to compare the efficacy, tolerability and safety of a 2-L PEG solution mixed with Asc versus the combination of Bis, Asc and a 1-L PEG solution. METHODS: This was

= 0.21). Adverse events were similar in the two groups. Camostat mesylate was safe in the treatment of COVID-19. Although this study did not show clinical benefit in patients with mild to moderate COVID-19, further clinical studies for high-risk patients are needed. (This trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov under registration no. NCT04521296).

Many lifelong smokers establish smoking habits during young adulthood. A university can be an effective setting for early smoking cessation. We evaluated long-term predictors of smoking cessation among smokers in a university setting.We longitudinally followed a cohort of smokers enrolled in a university smoking cessation program in Seoul, South Korea. Sociodemographic factors, smoking-related variables, and changes in smoking habits were assessed during 6-week visit sessions and follow-up telep

PURPOSE: We applied a long Roux-en-Y (RY) gastrojejunostomy (bypassed jejunum over 100 cm) as a reconstruction method for diabetes control to gastric cancer patients with type 2 diabetes and body mass index (BMI) < 35 kg/m(2). The effect of this procedure on diabetes control was assessed. METHODS: We prospectively performed modified RY gastrojejunostmy after curative radical distal gastrectomy. Thirty patients had completed a 1-year follow-up. Patients were followed concerning their diabetic sta

<b> <i>Background:</i> </b> <i>Our objective is to describe our pediatric virtual urgent care (VUC) experience at a large urban academic medical center, in response to the COVID-19 pandemic in New York City (NYC).</i> <b> <i>Materials and Methods:</i> </b> <i>We conducted a retrospective cohort study of our pediatric VUC program of patients less than age 18 years, from March 1 to May 31, 2020. We include data on expansion of staffing, patient demographics, virtual care, and outcomes.</i> <b> <i>