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The widespread use of thermoelectric technology is constrained by a relatively low conversion efficiency of the bulk alloys, which is evaluated in terms of a dimensionless figure of merit (zT). The zT of bulk alloys can be improved by reducing lattice thermal conductivity through grain boundary and point-defect scattering, which target low- and high-frequency phonons. Dense dislocation arrays formed at low-energy grain boundaries by liquid-phase compaction in Bi(0.5)Sb(1.5)Te3 (bismuth antimony

Surfactant-free nanoflakes of n-type Bi2 Te3 and Bi2 Se3 are synthesized in high yields. Their suspensions are mixed to create nanocomposites with heterostructured nanograins. A maximum ZT (0.7 at 400 K) is achieved with a broad content of 10-15% Bi2 Se3 in the nanocomposites.

System-level audit logs capture the interactions between applications and the runtime environment. They are highly valuable for forensic analysis that aims to identify the root cause of an attack, which may occur long ago, or to determine the ramifications of an attack for recovery from it. A key challenge of audit log-based forensics in practice is the sheer size of the log files generated, which could grow at a rate of Gigabytes per day. In this paper, we propose LogGC, an audit logging system

Abstract Band engineering is an effective strategy to improve the electronic transport properties of semiconductors. In thermoelectric materials research, density‐of‐states effective mass is an undoubted key factor in verifying the band engineering effect and establishing a strategy for enhancing thermoelectric performance. However, estimation of the effective mass is demanding or inaccurate depending on the methods taken. A simple equation is proposed, valid for all degeneracy: Log 10 ( m d * T

An important aspect of cyber attack forensics is to understand the provenance of suspicious events, as it discloses the root cause and ramifications of cyber attacks. Traditionally, this is done by analyzing audit log. However, the presence of long running programs makes a live process receiving a large volume of inputs and produce many outputs and each output may be causally related to all the preceding inputs, leading to dependence explosion and making attack investigations almost infeasible.

A class of materials known as superlattices has shown substantial promise for potential thermoelectric (TE) applications because of its low thermal conductivity. We have investigated natural superlattice Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) phases [S. N. Ruddlesden and P. Popper, Acta Crystallogr. 10, 538 (1957)] to elucidate their potential as TE materials. The TE properties of Nb-doped SrO(SrTiO3)n (n=1,2) with a RP structure were measured, and the origin of the TE properties is discussed from the viewpoint

We have synthesized a single crystalline Y 2 C electride of centimeter-scale by floating-zone method and successfully characterized its anisotropic electrical and magnetic properties. In-plane resistivity upturn at low temperature together with anisotropic behavior of negative magnetoresistance is ascribed to the stronger suppression of spin fluctuation along in-plane than that along the c -axis, verifying the existence of magnetic moments preferred for the c -axis. A superior magnetic moment al

Band engineering is one of core approaches to improve the performance of thermoelectric materials via the Seebeck coefficient enhancement. However, the conclusion that is often found in the literature is that the band engineering has been achieved in haste when a simple increase in a density-of-states effective mass is observed. In this review, a theoretical background to the band convergence, the most effective band engineering strategy to improve the thermoelectric power factor, is provided. I

Structural defects often dominate the electronic‐ and thermal‐transport properties of thermoelectric (TE) materials and are thus a central ingredient for improving their performance. However, understanding the relationship between TE performance and the disordered atomic defects that are generally inherent in nanostructured alloys remains a challenge. Herein, the use of scanning transmission electron microscopy to visualize atomic defects directly is described and disordered atomic‐scale defects

Thermoelectrics, which transports heat for refrigeration or converts heat into electricity directly, is a key technology for renewable energy harvesting and solid-state refrigeration. Despite its importance, the widespread use of thermoelectric devices is constrained because of the low efficiency of thermoelectric bulk alloys. However, boundary engineering has been demonstrated as one of the most effective ways to enhance the thermoelectric performance of conventional thermoelectric materials su

Thermoelectrics, which can generate electricity from a temperature difference, or vice versa, is a key technology for solid-state cooling and energy harvesting; however, its applications are constrained owing to low efficiency. Since the conversion efficiency of thermoelectric devices is directly obtained via a figure of merit of materials, zT, which is related to the electronic and thermal transport characteristics, the aim here is to elucidate physical parameters that should be considered to u

The ternary chalcogenide, ZnIn2S4, is known to exhibit various polymorphic expressions: from the cubic spinel phase to various polytypic layered hexagonal structures, commonly known as α, β, IIa, and IIb. Notwithstanding numerous recent studies on the superior photocatalytic activities of hexagonal ZnIn2S4, it remains unclear how the polymorphic expressions in this material may influence its physiochemical properties (and thus their performance in actual photodevices). Thus, revisiting and addre