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This paper deals with the crashworthiness of an aluminum crash box for an auto-body with the various shapes of cross section such as a rectangle, a hexagon and an octagon. First, crash boxes with various cross sections were tested with numerical simulation to obtain the energy absorption capacity and the mean load. In case of the simple axial crush, the octagon shape shows higher mean load and energy absorption than the other two shapes. Secondly, the crash boxes were assembled to a simplified a

Distillation processes in the refinery and petrochemical industry consume 30%~60% of energy in a total chemical process and also require significant utility cost. In this perspective, a dividing wall column (DWC) has many appealing benefits of saving energy and reducing equipment cost. However, this technology is restricted to some separation processes. Many studies of DWC from academy and industries are too theoretical or contradicted each other and focused on special separation cases. Therefor

Excellent surface flatness of HgCdTe wafers is essential for fabricating large infrared focal plane arrays (IRFPAs) within the framework of a flip-chip bonding yield. However, liquid-phase epitaxy (LPE) HgCdTe wafers, which are widely used for IRFPAs, have inherent problems pertaining to surface flatness. In this study, we introduced a single-point diamond turning (SPDT) method for use in fabricating LPE HgCdTe photodiodes. The cutoff wavelength of the wafers is ~5 µm. The surface roughness of t

The focus of this study is to investigate the assignment of weapons to multiple targets in a scenario, specifically when an air defense system is confronted with numerous targets, such as low-altitude rockets or groups of drones. The accuracy of weapons in destroying these targets depends heavily on the correct alignment of the launchers with the targets, which can be affected by errors in launcher orientation. Therefore, in solving weapon–target assignment (WTA) problems, it is crucial to accou

BIS (Bcl-2-interacting cell death suppressor, or BAG-3), is a multifunctional co-chaperone that maintains protein quality control via autophagy and proteostasis. Following the central nervous system (CNS) injury, BIS expression is markedly upregulated in reactive astrocytes, suggesting a regulatory role of reactive astrogliosis. To investigate this, we generated astrocyte-specific BIS knockout (BIS-aKO) mice for the first time. While BIS-aKO mice exhibited normal growth and survival, the injury-

활동 지수(Activity index)는 양돈에서 활용되는 돼지 무리의 활동 수준을 평가하는 도구로, 돼지의 건강, 신체 성장, 행동 및 생활 환경의 질을 나타내는 중요한 지표다. 그러나 대규모 양돈장에서는 막대한 자원이 할당되고 기록 결과가 일관되지 않을 가능성이 있기 때문에 돼지 활동을 수동으로 관찰하는 것은 현실적으로 어렵다. 따라서 본 연구는 가까운 미래의 활동 지수를 예측하여 돼지 활동 수준을 자동으로 모니터링하는 방법을 모색하는 것을 목표로 한다. 우리는 영상의 배경 제거(Background subtraction) 방법을 활용하여 활동 지수를 계산했다. 또한, 생물학적 특성, 및 외생적 사건의 발생을 포함한 다양한 농장 속성을 고려하여, 활동 지수와 농장 속성 간의 상관 관계를 분석하여 활동 지수의 변화에 영향을 미치는 주요 속성을 파악했다.