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We investigated the electronic structures of the two-dimensional layered perovskite ${\mathrm{Sr}}_{2}M{\mathrm{O}}_{4}$ ($M=4d$ Ru, $4d$ Rh, and $5d$ Ir) using optical spectroscopy and polarization-dependent O $1s$ x-ray absorption spectroscopy. While the ground states of the series of compounds are rather different, their optical conductivity spectra $\ensuremath{\sigma}(\ensuremath{\omega})$ exhibit similar interband transitions, indicative of the common electronic structures of the $4d$ and

This letter introduces a dual-type proximity sensor and a control strategy for a robot manipulator to realize safe human-robot interactions (HRI) by using the sensor. Safety is an essential condition for HRI in practical scenarios. To achieve this condition, information about the relationship between an external objects and the robot is required. To obtain this information, we employ a dual-type proximity sensor, which consists of capacitive and inductive transducers and can detect the distance

We investigate the electronic structure of ${\text{EuFe}}_{2}{\text{As}}_{2}$ using optical spectroscopy and density-functional calculations. At low temperature we observe the evolution of two gaplike features, one having a weak-coupling mean-field behavior and another with strongly nonmean-field behavior. Using band-structure calculations, we identify the former with a spin-Peierls-type partial gap in ${d}_{yz}$ bands and the latter with the transition across the large exchange gap in ${d}_{xz}

Recrystallization of thin amorphous silicon (a-Si) films can yield polysilicon (p-Si) material with functional properties suitable for fabrication of electronic devices, including high definition large area active matrix liquid crystal displays. Pulsed laser-effected melting and recrystallization is exceptionally effective since it avoids damage to the underlying insulator structure. The ensuing phase transformations and ultimately the quality of the produced p-Si material strongly depend on the

During the thermal sintering of metal nanoparticles (NPs) the process temperature plays the most important role in the outcome of the sintering results and the selection of a suitable substrate. Here, temperature calculation during pulsed laser sintering of silver (Ag) nanoparticles (NPs) inkjet-printed on glass substrates is presented. During the pulsed laser sintering of Ag NPs, a minimum line resistivity less than twice the bulk silver resistivity was obtained within around 52 s under a laser