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Angiogenesis is an essential process in the development, growth, and metastasis of malignant tumors including lung cancer. DNA sequence variations in the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene may lead to altered VEGF production and/or activity, thereby causing interindividual differences in the susceptibility to lung cancer via their actions on the pathways of tumor angiogenesis. To test this hypothesis, we investigated the potential association between three VEGF polymorphisms (-460T >

In this study was we investigated the optimum conditions for the fermentation of Kujippong (Cudrania tricuspidata) vinegar by various acetic acid bacteria (Acetobacter pasteurianus A26, A37, B7) and its quality characteristics. Fermentation at various initial acidities (pH 2, 3, and 4) and temperatures (20℃, 30℃, and 35℃) revealed that A. pasteurianus A37 and B7 produced the most acetic acid when fermented at pH 4 and 20℃. The acidities of the Kujippong fermented vinegars prepared with the A37 a

We examine whether controlling shareholders who plan for stock gifts would manage earnings in an attempt to depress stock prices prior to gifting stocks to related parties. Gift taxes are levied based on the average market value of the stock transferred for a certain period known as the valuation period. This process enables controlling shareholders to be incentivized to depress stock prices during this period and thereby alleviate tax burden. We discover that the firms that have stock gift tran

Abstract Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) plays an important role in phosphate homeostasis, and increased FGF23 levels result in hypophosphatemia; however, the molecular mechanism underlying increased FGF23 expression has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we found that mice lacking the bobby sox homolog ( Bbx −/− ) presented increased FGF23 expression and low phosphate levels in the serum and skeletal abnormalities such as a low bone mineral density (BMD) and bone volume (BV), as well

The present study intended to compare the flavors of small-scale, farm-made ‘Kujippong’ (Cudrania tricuspidata) fermented vinegars (V_A37 and V_B7) produced using two types of acetic acid bacteria (AP A37, AP B7) with those of two commercially available ‘Kujippong’ vinegars (CV_A, CV_B) using an electronic nose and an electronic tongue. The farm-made vinegars and the commercial vinegars did have different flavors. The first principal component (PC1) of the principal component analysis using the

Convertible instruments are financial instruments embedded with conversion rights such as convertible bonds or convertible preferred stocks. Under the Korean International Financial Reporting Standards (K-IFRS), the embedded conversion rights with certain conditions (i.e., a refixing clause) are recognized as derivative liabilities and are recognized at fair value in issuer’s financial statements. Since the value of convertible rights varies with the underlying stock value, an increase in the is

The generation of royalties on the use of foreign-made inoculum strains or starters as a result of the implementation of the ‘Nagoya Protocol’ has led to efforts and healthy competition to secure useful biological resources in each country. In this study, we recognized the necessity and importance of securing useful strains in Korea and produced starters using five strains of fungi (Aspergillus oryzae and Aspergillus niger). Specifically, the quality characteristics exhibited by different strain

This study investigated changes in microbial communities and functional components during the fermentation of traditional Korean grain vinegars collected from various regions as well as the correlations among these components. Microbial community analysis revealed that Lactobacillus acetotolerans was the dominant microorganism, while Acetobacter pasteurianus numbers gradually increased during fermentation, playing a key role in acetic acid production. L. acetotolerans, known to thrive in acidic

Objective: Most cancer patients suffer from various forms of pain. This study presents the case of a patient with hapatocellular carcinoma with abdominal pain treated by Daegunjoong-tang. Method: For 7 days, the patient was treated with Daegunjoong-Tang and Moxibustion. We planned to maintain moxibustion CV12(中脘), CV4(關元) for 20 minutes everyday. To evaluate the therapeutic effect, we used Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Clinical Opiate Withdrawal Scale (COWS). Results: After the treatments, Vis

In order to secure domestic microbial resources, a fruit-flavored yeast was selected, and a starter manufacturing technology was developed to evaluate its quality characteristics. Among 26 yeast strains analyzed using an electronic nose, Saccharomyces cerevisiae YM45 isolated from Makgeolli was identified as having high levels of methyl formate and propan-2-one, compounds that are associated with fruity and sweet aroma. A powdered starter was then produced with S. cerevisiae YM45, and its qualit

The controlling shareholders of Korean firms usually attempt to pass on the firm to the next generation and stock gifts are the most evident form of the ownership transfer.I examine how equity market investors react to the announcement of stock gifts given by controlling shareholders.Prior literature documents evidence that controlling shareholders use their private information and discretionary power to time stock gifts at lower stock prices in order to reduce gift taxes.I observe significant p