하석규 교수

BACKGROUND: To investigate surgical factors associated with the occurrence of oculocardiac reflex (OCR) and changes in heart rate (HR) during strabismus surgery. METHODS: Patients who underwent strabismus surgery under general anesthesia were enrolled in this study. The HR during surgery was measured at baseline, and at the following points during surgery: traction of the muscle, maximal increase after traction (adrenergic phase), and the cutting of the muscle. OCR was defined as an HR reduction

PURPOSE: To investigate the clinical effects of head-mounted display on the refractive error and oculomotor system in normal adolescents. METHODS: Sixty volunteers (age: 13 to 18 years) watched a three-dimensional movie and virtual reality application of head-mounted display for 30 minutes. The refractive error (diopters [D]), angle of deviation (prism diopters [PD]) at distance (6 m) and near (33 cm), near point of accommodation, and stereoacuity were measured before, immediately after, and 10

BACKGROUND: To investigate the accommodative loads change needed to maintain binocular fusion in patients with intermittent exotropia (IXT). METHODS: Seventeen consecutive patients with basic IXT and 15 normal controls were recruited. The WAM-5500 autorefractor (GrandSeiko, Fukuyama, Japan) was used to measure refractive error (D) under binocular and monocular viewing conditions at 6 m, 50 cm, 33 cm and 20 cm. The difference between binocular and monocular refractive error (D) at each distance d

We investigated the period of postoperative exodrift during follow-up and clinical factors that affect the rate of exodrift after surgery in the patients with intermittent exotropia (IXT). A retrospective review of medical records of patients with exodrift who underwent bilateral rectus recession for IXT was performed. Exodrift was defined as angle of deviation greater than 10 prism diopters (PD) at distance and near. The median survival period of postoperative exodrift was analyzed using Kaplan

PURPOSE: To examine clinical preoperative and postoperative symptoms and changes in exotropia according to constancy and age. METHODS: A survey was conducted of 50 patients on the day before and 1 month after exotropia surgery. Survey results were analyzed by type of exotropia at presentation and age. Changes in subjective symptoms from preoperatively to postoperatively were examined for stereopsis (5 items), asthenopia (5 items), and appearance (5 items). Each item was rated on a 5-point scale

PURPOSE: To describe the clinical features and surgical outcome of A-pattern exotropia combined with dissociated vertical deviation and superior oblique overaction. METHODS: The medical records of patients with A-pattern exotropia combined with dissociated vertical deviation and superior oblique overaction who underwent horizontal muscle surgery alone or in combination with superior oblique muscle weakening surgery were retrospectively reviewed. The patients were divided into two groups accordin

The four extraocular rectus muscles in the rabbits were disinserted for induction of anterior segment ischemia (ASI) and the changes in the concentrations of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1α), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the aqueous and vitreous humor were evaluated. Disinsertion of four rectus muscles in rabbits was performed in the right eyes of rabbits (ASI group). The concentrations of PGE2, HIF-1α, and VEGF in the aqueous and vitreous humor we

PURPOSE: To compare eye position at the end of surgery under general anesthesia with strabismic angles on postoperative day 1 in exotropia surgery. METHODS: Seventy-eight patients between 3 and 58 years of age who had undergone surgery were divided into two groups (group A = 46 patients with bilateral rectus recession, group B = 32 patients with surgery that included medial rectus resection). Strabismic angles were measured at the end of surgery under general anesthesia using the Hirschberg test

Central nervous system (CNS) involvement, including optic nerve involvement, in a patient with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is an extremely rare condition. We report a case of bilateral optic nerve involvement combined with unilateral facial palsy in a patient with AML who achieved complete remission following allogenic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation as a young patient. After further evaluation, the patient was diagnosed with a recurrence of AML with CNS involvement. The presentatio

PURPOSE: To investigate the surgical outcome according to the initial postoperative angle of deviation in patients with thyroid eye disease. METHODS: The medical records of patients who underwent strabismus surgery were retrospectively reviewed. The patients were divided into overcorrection (> 5 prism diopters [PD]), full correction, or undercorrection (> 5 PD) groups, according to the angle of deviation on postoperative day 1. The surgical outcome was considered successful when there was no dip

Minimal exodeviation was corrected by BIOT alone. In addition, secondary eso- or exodeviation at great magnitudes should be corrected with proper horizontal muscle surgery along with BIOT.

BACKGROUND: To investigate preoperative clinical features and postoperative results according to the correspondence between excyclotorsion and the paretic eye in patients with congenital unilateral superior oblique palsy (USOP). METHODS: A retrospective review of medical charts was performed. The patients were divided into the accordance (ocular excyclotorsion in the paretic eye) and disaccordance (ocular excyclotorsion in the non-paretic eye) groups. The degree of excyclotorsion (scale, 0-4) wa